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socl final quizzes
socl final 11 12 16 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| doing gender | when people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves |
| double standard | concept that prohibits premarital sexual intercourse for women but allows it for men |
| gender identity | an individual’s sense of being either masculine or feminine |
| gender role | society’s concept of how men and women should behave |
| gender | a term that refers to social or cultural distinctions of behaviors that are considered male or female |
| homophobia | an extreme or irrational aversion to homosexuals |
| queer theory | a scholarly discipline that questions fixed (normative) definitions of gender and sexuality |
| sexism | the prejudiced belief that one sex should be valued over another |
| sex | a term that denotes the presence of physical or physiological differences between males and females |
| sexual orientation | a person’s emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex (male or female) |
| sexuality | a person’s capacity for sexual feelings |
| transgender | a term that refers to individuals who identify with the behaviors and characteristics that are opposite of their biological sex |
| transsexuals | transgendered individuals who wish to alter their bodies through medical interventions such as surgery and hormonal therapy |
| amalgamation | the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group |
| assimilation | the process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture |
| culture of prejudice | the theory that prejudice is embedded in our culture |
| discrimination | prejudiced action against a group of people |
| dominant group | a group of people who have more power in a society than any of the subordinate groups |
| ethnicity | shared culture, which may include heritage, language, religion, and more |
| expulsion | when a dominant group forces a subordinate group to leave a certain area or even the country |
| genocide | the deliberate annihilation of a targeted (usually subordinate) group |
| intersection theory | theory that suggests we cannot separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and other attributes |
| minority group | any group of people who are singled out from the others for differential and unequal treatment |
| model minority | the stereotype applied to a minority group that is seen as reaching higher educational, professional, and socioeconomic levels without protest against the majority establishment |
| pluralism | represented by the ideal of the United States as a âsalad bowl:â a mixture of different cultures where each culture retains its own identity and yet adds to the âflavorâ of the whole |
| prejudice | biased thought based on flawed assumptions about a group of people |
| racial steering | when real estate agents direct prospective homeowners toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race |
| racism | a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that are used to justify the belief that one racial category is somehow superior or inferior to others |
| scapegoat theory | suggests that the dominant group will displace its unfocused aggression onto a subordinate group |
| segregation | the physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions |
| social construction of race | the school of thought that race is not biologically identifiable |
| stereotypes | oversimplified ideas about groups of people |
| subordinate group | a group of people who have less power than the dominant group |
| white privilege | the benefits people receive simply by being part of the dominant group |
| credentialism | the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications |
| cultural capital | cultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency to help one navigate a culture |
| cultural transmission | the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture |
| education | a social institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms |
| formal education | the learning of academic facts and concepts |
| grade inflation | the idea that the achievement level associated with an A today is notably lower than the achievement level associated with A-level work a few decades ago |
| Head Start program | a federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status |
| hidden curriculum | the type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission |
| informal education | learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society |
| No Child Left Behind Act | requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal funding |
| social placement | the use of education to improve one’s social standing |
| sorting | classifying students based on academic merit or potential |
| tracking | a formalized sorting system that places students on “tracks” (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities |
| universal access | the equal ability of all people to participate in an education system |
Created by:
kenzey11