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Acids and Bases
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Molarity | a measure of solution concentration (how much substance mixed in H2O) |
| M= | M= mol/L (moles of solute / liters of solution) |
| The bigger the number in front of M... | The more concentrated the solution is |
| Concentrated | high molarity or large number of solute particles (less solvent) |
| Dilute | low molarity or small number of solute particles (more solvent) |
| Dilution equation | M1V1 = M2V2 |
| Properties of acids: | -sour or tart -conduct electricity in solutions -react with metals to produce hydrogen gas |
| Properties of bases: | -taste bitter and feel slippery -conduct electricity in solutions -react with fats, oils, and waxes |
| Acidic solutions contain: | more H+ than OH- |
| Basic solutions contain: | more OH- than H+ |
| -IDE | hydro____ic acid |
| -ATE | ____ic acid (no "hydro") |
| -ITE | ____ous acid (no "hydro") |
| Acids are | hydrogen ion donors |
| Bases are | hydrogen ion accepters |
| Conjugate acid: | an acid that forms when a base gains an H+ |
| Conjugate base: | a base that forms when an acid loses an H+ |
| Strong acid: | an acid that ionizes completely in a solvent (like H2O) |
| Examples of strong acids: | HCL, H2SO4, HNO3, HCLO4, HI |
| Weak acid: | an acid that does not completely ionize in H2O |
| Examples of weak acids: | the ones that aren't listed as "Strong" |
| Strong base: | a base that completely ionizes in H2O |
| Weak base: | a base that does not completely ionize in H2O |
| Strong electrolytes | STRONG BASES and STRONG ACIDS that conduct electricity |
| Weak electrolytes | WEAK ACIDS and WEAK BASES that conduct electricity |
| Concentration deals with _______; strength deals with _______ | Molarity; ionization |
| The terms "Weak" and "Strong" are used to: | compare strengths of acids and bases |
| The terms "Dilute" and "Concentrated" are used to: | describe the concentration of solutions |
| What is the difference between strong and concentrated solutions? Dilute and weak? | |
| OH- and H+ are | inversely related (when one goes up, the other goes down) |
| Acidic pH | lower than 7 |
| Basic pH | greater than 7 |
| Acid Base Titrations | the general process of determining molarity of an acid/base through the use of an acid-base reaction |
| Acid Base Titrations Equation | MAVA = MBVB |
| Equivalence point | when the amount of H ions are equal to the amount of OH- ions |
| End point | the point in titration when color change happens |
Created by:
mma129
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