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Astronomy Chapter 1
Astronomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| galaxy | great island of stars in space |
| Milky Way | galaxy in which our solar system resides |
| Local Group | a group of galaxies |
| galaxy clusters | galaxies with more than a few dozen members |
| super cluster | a region of tightly packed galaxies |
| universe | the sum total of all matter and energy |
| expanding | average distances between galaxies increase with time |
| Big Bang | the beginning of expansion - 14 billion years ago |
| Shape of Orbits | Elliptical |
| What type of objects orbit. | Smaller objects orbit bigger objects. Planets, comets, asteroids and meteoroids orbit the sun. Moons orbits planets or dwarf planets. |
| speed of light | 300,000 km per sec |
| light year | distance light travels in a year - 6 trillion miles |
| fact of light | the farther away we look in distance, the further back we look in time |
| Orion Nebula | a giant cloud in which stars and planets are forming |
| Closest Galaxy | Magellanic Cloud |
| age of universe | 14 billion years |
| observable universe | the portion of the universe that we can observe |
| definition of planet | 1) orbits around a star 2) round shape 3) clear neighborhood around orbit 4) Is not a moon |
| number of stars | more than 100 billion |
| Objects don't leave their orbit because | the gravity between the object and the object being orbited. Example: Star and Planet |
| astronomical unit | Earth's average orbital distance - 93 million miles |
| Objects don't crash into the object they orbit because | the orbiting object's inertia |
| Inertia is | Is caused by having mass and is the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion. |
| Closest star to Earth besides our Sun | Proxima Centauri |
| Regions in our solar system | Inner planets, asteroid belt, outer planets, Kuiper Belt, Oort Cloud. |
| As you move farther from an object it's size becomes but the actual size doesn't change. | Smaller. |
| Comets | Made of frozen gases, rock and cosmic dust. Located in the Kuiper belt and Oort Cloud. Range in size from 5km-100km |
| Asteroids | Made of rock, iron, nickel, clay, silicate, stone. Range from 10m to 530km. Found mostly in asteroid belt located between Mars and Jupiter. |
| Meteor | Bright streak of light in the atmosphere of a planet or moon caused from a meteoroid burning up due to air resistance. Range in size to less to 10m and made of rock, iron , nickel, clay, silicate and stone. |
| Meteorite | Made of rock, iron, nickel, clay, silicate, stone. Vary in size but usually less than 10m. Found on the surface of a planet or moon. |
| Meteoroid | Made of rock, iron, nickel, clay, silicate, stone. Vary in size but less than 10m because come from asteroids. Found throughout our solar system. |
Created by:
sgw005
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