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Soil

SOIL TEST: Rocks & Weathering, How Soil Forms & Soil Conservation

Question	Answer
The agent of mechanical weathering in which rock is worn away by the grinding action of other rock particles is called _____.	abrasion
Ice wedging causes mechanical weathering of rock by means of _____ and thawing of water.	freezing
The most important factors in determining the rate of weathering are rock _____ and climate.	type
Soil formation begins with the weathering of _____.	bedrock
Soil that is rich in humus has high _____.	fertility
When earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of _____.	humus
A soil organism that breaks down and digests the remains of dead organisms is called a _____.	decomposer
Soil is a valuable resource because it is important to all ______ things on land.	living
How long did it take for the thick, fertile soil of the North American prairies to develop? _____ of years (CHOICES: several, dozens, hundreds, thousands)	thousands
_____ by water or wind can cause the loss of soil that is not protected by plant cover.	erosion
Plowing removed the grass from the Great Plains and exposed the soil. What effect did this have when drought struck the Great Plains in the 1930s? It helped to cause the "_____ Bowl".	dust
What animal does most of the work of mixing humus with the soil?	earthworm
A _____ rock weathers easily because it contains many small, connected airspaces.	permeable
In soil horizon letter ____, you would find loam that is rich in humus.	A
The _____, or particle size, of soil determines how much air and water the soil can hold.	texture
In a cross-section of soil, horizon letter ____ consists of clay, minerals, and little humus.	B
The process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface is called _____.	weathering
The loose material on Earth's surface that contains weathered rock particles and humus is called _____.	soil
The loose layer of leaves on the surface of the soil is called _____.	litter
Soil layers/horizons form in three steps. What is another name for soil horizon B?	subsoil
Soil layers/horizons form in three steps. What is another name for soil horizon A?	topsoil
_____ is the solid layer of rock beneath the soil.	bedrock
The fertility of soil is a measure of how well the soil supports the growth of _____.	plants
In a soil testing jar like yours in class, the top layer beneath the water is made of the sediment _____.	clay
In a soil testing jar like yours in class, the bottom layer is made of the sediment _____. (Remember: our area of Ohio doesn't have sandy soil)	silt
Using a soil texture triangle in your journal, what type of soil would have 10% sand, 80% clay and 10% silt?	clay
Using a soil texture triangle in your journal, what type of soil would have 50% sand, 10% clay and 40% silt?	loam
Soil that is rich in _____ has high fertility.	humus
The agent of mechanical weathering in which rock is worm away by the grinding action of other rock particles is called _____.	abrasion
When earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of _____.	humus

Created by: PRO Teacher mrsgilbert

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