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prob and stats
finals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The instructor of this class believes that statistics was created by God and in its original created form statistics like all other creation was very good | true |
| the names descriptive statistics and inferential statistics may be used interchangeably | false |
| there are four levels of measurement - qualitative, quantitative discrete and continuous | false |
| As a general rule NO fewer than 5 or more than 15 classes should be used in the construction of a frequency distribution | true |
| A store employee asks shoppers for their sip code to identify market areas Zip Codes is an example of interval level of measurement | false |
| There is NO loss of information when raw data is grouped into classes in order to develop histogram or a frequency polygon | false |
| The arithmetic mean (addition average) is the balance point" for every set o interval and ratio level data | true |
| The dispersion of a set of data is a measurement of the degree of variation in the data | true |
| The science of collecting organizing presenting analyzing and interpreting data in order to make informed decisions is classified as | statistics |
| A part or a portion of an entire population that is being considered in a statistical study is called an _________ of an entire population | sample |
| the facet of statistics that deals with the methods used to collect organize summarize present masses of numerical data is called __________ statistics | descriptive |
| The lowest level of measurement is classified as the _______ level of measurement. This level of measurement is a classification of data by | nominal |
| The highest level of measurement is classified as the ______ measurement. One of the characteristics of this level is that there is a meaningful zero point. | ratio |
| Numerical data that has been collected, but has Not yet been organized is often classified as ________ data. | raw |
| A collection of data is organized into non-overlapping groups of values. If this information is then presented in a graphical representation as a vertical bar chart, this graph is classified as an ------------- | histogram |
| Quantitative variables that assume only certain values (there are usually gaps between the values) are classified as _______ variables | discrete |
| The general word that may be used for any of the measures of central tendency is the word______. Because of this possible ambiguity, it is better to specify the arithmetic mean, the median the mode, or the geometric mean. | average |
| the Greek letter _____ is used in mathematical and statistical formulas to indicate the summation of a number a data values. You may give the Greek letter symbol OR the name of the Greek letter | sigma |
| The directed (positive or negative) distance between any data value X and the arithmetic mean is called the _______ of the data value from the mean. | deviation |
| the measurement of dispersion or spread of a set of data that is the easiest to calculate is called the ________ of the set of data | range |
| two events that Cannot happen at the same time are called ________ events | mutually exclusive |
| the unique value that separates a set of data into two equal parts is called the | median |
| the equation p(A)+ P(~A) =1 is a formula for the _____ rule | complement |
| Values that separate a set of data into four equal parts are called the ______. | quartiles |
| A numerical value between 0 and 1 inclusive that describes the likelihood of the occurrence of an event is called the______ of the event | probability |
| P(A}B) stands for the probability that an event A will occur given that event B has already happened. This is called a(n) _____ probability. | conditional |
| the trials of a binomial experiment are _____ of each other, which means that the outcome of any trial is NOT affected by the outcome of any other trial | independent |
| a discrete probability distribution differs from a continuous probability distribution in that the data collected are distinct separated values that are usually obtained by ____ some particular outcome of an experiment. Example : coin experiment | joint |
| the probability of success varies SLIGHTLY from one trial to the next trail in a(n) _______ probability distribution. Example: jury selection handout | hyper geometric |
| Which statements are correct about the t distribution? | it is based on the number of degrees/degrees of freedom it is symmetric the mean is zero |
| which of these would be used as a point estimate for the population mean? | x bar |
| the distribution of the students t probability distribution is | a continuous probability distribution |
| which of the following is NOT necessary to determine how large a sample to select from a population? | size of the population |
| a sample mean obtained from a random sample is the best point estimate of the | population mean |
| when a confidence interval for a population mean is constructed from sample data | we can conclude, with a stated level of confidence that the population mean is in the interval |
| Mileage test were conducted on a randomly selected sample of 100 newly developed automobile tire. The mean tread life was found to be 70000 miles with a standard deviation of 2500 miles. what is the best estimate of the average tread life in miles for th | 70000 |
| What is the critical value for a one tailed test of a hypothesis in which a null hypothesis is being tested with alpha = 5% based on a sample size of 25? | 1.711 |
| if alpha = .05for a two tailed test how large is the acceptance region | .950 |
| if we reject the null hypothesis what can we conclude subject to the alpha risk? | the null hypothesis is false |
| which of the following is NOT one of the five steps in the hypothesis testing | select a level for beta |
| In hypothesis testing what is the level of significance? | all of the above |
| which of the following is true in a normal distribution? | the means equals the mode and the median, the mean separates the distribution into exactly equal parts, the mode ='s the median |
| which of the following is not true regarding the normal distribution? | the points of the curve meet the x-axis at z= -3 and z=+3 |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of the normal distribution? | positively- skewed |
| two normal distributions are to be contributed | |
| Two normal distributions are to be compared. One has a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 1. The second normal distribution has a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 2. Which of the following is true? | the dispersion of the distributions are different |
| What is the approximate percent of the total area under the normal curve within a plus and minus one standard deviation of the mean? | 68% |
| The standard normal probability distribution is one which has: | a mean of zero and a standard deviation of 1 |
| the mean of a normal probability distribution is 500 and the standard deviation is 10 about 95% of the observations lie between what two values | 480-520 |
| What is the approximate proportion of the total area under the normal curve that is to the left of a z-score of -1.00? | approximately 16% |
| For a standard normal distribution what is the probability that z is greater than 1.75 | .0401 |
| What is it called when each of the items in a population have an APPROXIMATELY equal chance of being selected in a sample? | random sampling |
| Suppose we select every eighteenth invoice in a file. What type of sampling in this? | systematic |
| What is the difference between a sample mean and the population mean called? | sampling error |
| All possible samples of a size n are selected from a population and the mean of each sample is calculated. What is the arithmetic mean of all of the sample means? | exactly the same as the population mean |
| As the size of a random sample increases what happens to the shape of the distribution of the sampling means? | approaches the shape of a normal distribution |
| subdivided into groups Those with more than 100 mill in sales were classified as Class A large, those from 50-100 Class A med. and those between 25-50 and so on. Random samples were then selected from each of these groups. What is this type of sampling? | stratified samplings |
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