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ClinChem2 Last test
Practice test for ClinChem2, tumor markers, toxicology, drug monitoring.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What represents the 4 principal biological events governing drug dispersion? | 1. Absorption 2. Distribution 3. Biotransformation 4. excretion |
| What analyte would be useful to measure in a patient taking a nephrotoxic drug? | creatinine |
| First-pass effect occurs in which organ of the body? | Liver |
| The major enzyme system that metabolizes a drug in phase a I-type reaction is ? | Apolipoprotein P450 |
| A drug agonist is described as ? | a drug that binds to receptors and mimics the regulatory effects of the endogenous signalling compounds. |
| When should a trough level for drug measurement be found? | Just before the next dose |
| When the concentration of a drug, like digoxin, is measured by the most routinely used immunoassay, what is actually measured? | Total drug concentration |
| Toxic levels of methotrexate may result in what? | Bone disease/marrow abnormalities |
| Ethylene glycol metabolizes to what acid? | Oxalic acid |
| What class of compounds may be included in drugs-of-abuse screening (DAU)? | Barbituates |
| What is an example of a definitive or reference method that is suitable for confirming positive drugs-of-abuse testing (DAU)? | GCMS |
| Toxic doses of acetominophen can cause serious damage to what organ in the body? | Liver |
| Carbon monoxide affinity for hemoglobin is ? | 200-250 times greater than oxygen's affinity for hemoglobin. |
| What statement provides an accurate description of drug screening methods? | They provide qualitative information on a particular class of drugs. |
| Reyes syndrome is associated with what substance? | Salicylate/aspirin |
| What blood group antigen is CA 19-9 derived from? | Le-a |
| Alpha-fetoprotein is useful in detecting which carcinoma? | hepatocellular |
| The biochemical marker CA 125 is expressed by what tissue? | epithelial cells of the ovaries |
| Biomarkers designed with the prefix letters CA contain a significant amount of what compound? | Carbohydrate |
| Diagnostic sensitivity represents what condition? | Positively (or positivity?) in disease |
| Measuring serum levels of CA 15-3 is clinically useful for what reason? | Monitoring the clinical course of patients with metastatic breast cancer. |
| Alpha-fetoprotein is a marker for what cancer? | hepatocellular carcinoma |
| Cancer-antigen 125 (CA-125) is a marker for what cancer? | ovarian |
| Carbohydrate Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) is a marker for what cancer? | breast |
| Human epididymisprotein (HE4) is a specific marker for what cancer? | ovarian |
| BRCA1 and BRCA2 are gene mutations associated with what cancer? | breast |
| Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) is a marker for what cancer? | colorectal (also lung, breast, and gastrointestinal tumors) |
| CA 19-9 is a marker for what cancer? | pancreatic (LE-a-b- people do not express this marker) |
| Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a marker for what cancer? | trophoblastic tumors (but not FDA approved) |
| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a marker for what cancer? | prostate (also BPH and prostatitis) |
| PCA-3 is a specific marker for what cancer? | prostate (it stands for prostate cancer gene 3) |
| Digoxin is what type of drug? | cardiac glycosides |
| Quinidine, Procainamide, Dispyramide, are all what class of drugs? | antiarrythmics |
| Vancomycin and aminoglycosides are both what type of drugs? | antibiotics |
| Phenobarbital, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Ethosuximide, and Valproic acid are all what kind of drugs? | antiepileptic drugs |
| Lithium, tricyclic antidepressants, clozapine, and olanzapine are all what kind of drugs? | psychoactive |
| Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus, and Mycophenolic acid are all which kind of drugs? | immunosuppressive |
| Felbamate and Babapentin are both what kind of drugs? | 2nd generation antiepileptic drugs |
| Methotrexate is what class of drugs? | antineoplastic |
| Drug X has a half-life of 15 hours. When will the patient reach a steady state in the therapeutic range? Is it 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, or 7 days? | 5 days (since 4 is not an answer) |
| The factor for figuring out the time needed to achieve a steady state is ? | 5-7 : use the factor that matches the choices given on the test : multiply the number of hours by the factor, then divide by 24 to find out how many days. |
| If a patient has a renal insufficiency, would he reach the steady state sooner or later? | Sooner, because the kidneys would not remove the drug in the urine as quickly. |
| Which is a faster means of drug absorption: IV or inhalation? | Both are about the same. |
| The most common drug of abuse in the US is ? | Alcohol |
| Don't forget to try the "Targets" button below to practice matching up tumor markers. | Just click on "targets" below. |
| I have a medication matching test as well. | http://www.studystack.com/flashcards-1578487 |
Created by:
IsaacJ
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