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Chemistry Exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solvent | a substance, often a liquid that is capable of dissolving one or more pure substances |
| Solute | The solid, liquid, or gas that dissolves in a solvent |
| nonelectrolyte | a solute that is non-conducting in aqueous solution |
| electrolyte | a solute that conducts electricity in aqueous solution |
| Cation | a positively charged ion |
| Anion | A negatively charged ion |
| Ion | an atom or group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge as a result of gaining or losing one or more electrons |
| Poly-atomic Ion | two or more atoms covalently bound together that have an overall positive or negative charge |
| Ionic Bond | a chemical bond formed when oppositely charged ions attract |
| Covalent bond | a bond formed when electrons are shared between two atoms |
| Surfactant | compounds that help polar and non-polar compounds to mix, sometimes called" wetting agents". The polar groups all the surfactants to dissolve in water while the non-polar ones are able to dissolve in the grease |
| Isomers | molecules with the same chemical formula, but different structures and properties |
| Enzymes | proteins that act as a biochemical catalysts, influencing the rates of chemical reactions |
| macronutrients | provide essentially all of the energy and most of the raw material for your body to repair and synthesis. EX: Carbs, fats and protein |
| Triglycerides | molecules that contain three ester functional groups. They are formed from a chemical reaction between three fatty acids and the alcohol glycerol |
| Fat | a triglyceride that is solid at room temp |
| Oils | triglycerides that are liquid |
| lipids | all triglycerides; a class of compounds that include not only triglycerides, but also related compounds |
| Saturated fatty acid | the hydrocarbon chain that contains only one single bond between the Carbon atoms |
| Unsaturated fatty acids | contain one or more C=C double bonds |
| Monounsaturated fatty acid | has only one double bond between carbon atoms |
| polyunsaturated fatty acid | contains more than one double C bond |
| hydrogenation | a process in which H has, in the presence of a metallic catalyst, adds to a C=C double bond and converts it to a single bond |
| PPM | parts per million |
| PPB | parts per billion |
| 1 g | 1000 milligram |
| 1000 grams | 1 Liter |
| Moles | mass/ molar mass |
| Molarity | moles of solute/ liter of solution |
Created by:
lilreeves
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