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Science vocabulary

Exploring Creation w/ Chemistry - vocabulary (C - D)

TermDefinition
Calibration The process of using certain physical measurements to define the scale of a measuring device
Calorie (cal) The amount od heat necessary to warm one gram of water one degree Celsius
Calorimeter An experimental device that measures the heat released or absorbed during a chemical or physical change
Calorimetry An experimental process that measures the heat released or absorbed during a chemical or physical change
Catalyst A substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without changing the concentration throughout the course of the reaction
Catalytic converter A device on an automobile that converts gaseous carbon monoxide that is produced by the engine, into gaseous carbon dioxide
Cathode The electrode at which reduction occurs
Cathode ray tube Another name for a Crooke's Tube
Cation A positive ion
Celsius A temperature scale defined so that water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees
Change in Enthalpy (∆H) The energy change that accompanies a chemical reaction
Charles's Law At constant pressure, the temperature and volume of gas linearly proportional.
Chemical change A change that effects the type of molecules or atoms in a substance
Chemical equation A representation of a chemical reaction
Chemical equilibrium The point at which both the forward and reverse reactions in a chemical equation have equal reaction rates: When this occurs, the amounts of each substance in the chemical reaction will not change, despite that both the chemical reactions still proceed.
Chemical formula A notation that indicates the number of type, of each element
Chemical reaction A process by which one or more substances change into one or more different substances
Chemical symbol An abbreviation for an element
Complete combustion reaction A reaction in which O₂ is added to a compound containing carbon and hydrogen, producing CO₂ and H₂O
Compound A substance that can be decomposed into elements by chemical means
Condensing The process by which a substance changes from its gas phase to its liquid phase
Cones The cells on the eyes retina that detects different energies of light; these cells are responsible for the ability of seeing color
Continuous theory of matter The idea that substances are composed of long, unbroken blobs of matter
Covalent bond A shared pair of valence electrons that holds atoms together in covalent compounds
Covalent compound A compound formed by atoms that share electrons
Crookes tube An experimental apparatus developed by William Crookes; it consists of a glass tube filled with a small amount of gas. Electrons in the tube allow for the passage of electricity through the gas.
Decomposition The process by which a substance is broken down into its constituent elements
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
Decomposition reaction A reaction that changes a compound into its constituent elements
Density An object's mass divided by the volume that the object occupies
Derived unit A unit formed by the multiplication and/or division of other elements
Dilution Adding water to a solution in order to decrease its concentration
Dimensionless quantity A quantity without units
Diprotic acid An acid that can donate two H+ ions
Discontinuous theory of matter The idea that substances are composed of tiny, individual particles; like grains of sand
Double bond A total of four electrons shared between atoms
Dry cell A battery made with no aqueous solutions
Created by: Autumn Fairall
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