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Geometry EOC

TermDefinition
1. Adjacent Angles Two angles are Adjacent if they have a common side and a common vertex (corner point), and don't overlap
2. Alternate Interior Angles When two lines are crossed by another line (which is called the Transversal), the pairs of angles on opposite sides of the transversal but inside the two lines
3. Angle of Depression the angle below a horizontal
4. Angle of Elevation the angle above a horizontal
5. Apothem a line from the center of a regular polygon at right angles to any of its sides
6. Arc a part of the circumference of a circle or other curve
7. Intersection a point or line common to lines or surfaces that intersect
8. Area of Triangle 1/2 b*h
9. Area of Equilateral Triangle side^2*square root of 3 divided by 4
10. Midpoint the exact middle point
11. Inductive Reasoning is reasoning in which the premises seek to supply strong evidence for (not absolute proof of) the truth of the conclusion
12. Area of Circle 3.14r^2
13. Area of Regular Hexagon 3*square root of 3/2a^2
14. Area of Trapezoid h(b1 + b2)/2
15. Area of Parallelogram b*h
16. Biconditional In logic, a biconditional is a compound statement formed by combining two conditionals under "and"
17. Bisector a bisector divides the octave approximately in half
18. Deductive Reasoning a logical process in which a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true
19. Central Angle an angle whose apex (vertex) is the center O of a circle
20. Centroid the center of mass of a geometric object of uniform density
21. Chord A straight line connecting two points on a curve
22. Volume of Pyramid/Cone Area of base*H/3
23. Space the dimensions of height, depth, and width within which all things exist and move
24. Point A point specifies only location; it has no length, width, or depth
25. Line It continues forever in two directions (so it has infinite length), but it has no width at all
26. Postulate Postulate is a true statement, which does not require to be proved
27. Circle a round plane figure whose boundary (the circumference) consists of points equidistant from a fixed point (the center)
28. Counterexample an example that refutes an assertion or claim
29. Circumference the enclosing boundary of a curved geometric figure, esp. a circle
30. Circumscribed draw (a figure) around another, touching it at points but not cutting it
31. Concentric Circles The region of the plane between two concentric circles is an annulus, and analogously the region of space between two concentric spheres is a spherical shell
32. Cone a solid or hollow object that tapers from a circular or roughly circular base to a point
33. Conjecture a statement that is believed to be true but not yet proved
34. Consecutive one after another
35. Complementary Angles either of two angles whose sum is 90°
36. Convex Polygon Every internal angle is less than or equal to 180 degrees. Every line segment between two vertices remains inside or on the boundary of the polygon
37. Concave Polygon A concave polygon will always have an interior angle with a measure that is greater than 180 degrees
38. Supplementary Angles either of two angles whose sum is 180°
39. Corollary a proposition that follows from (and is often appended to) one already proved
40. Corresponding Parts Angles that have the same relative positions in geometric figures
41. Alternate Exterior Angles , the pairs of angles on opposite sides of the transversal but outside the two lines
42. Corresponding Angles the angles that occupy the same relative position at each intersection where a straight line crosses two others. If the two lines are parallel, the corresponding angles are equal
43. Cosine the trigonometric function that is equal to the ratio of the side adjacent to an acute angle (in a right-angled triangle) to the hypotenuse
44. Cross Section a surface or shape that is or would be exposed by making a straight cut through something, esp. at right angles to an axis
45. Cylinder a solid geometric figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval section
46. Dilation enlarging or shrinking of a shape
47. Exterior Angle of Polygon is an angle formed by one side of a simple, closed polygon and a line extended from an adjacent side
48. Triangle Inequality Thm. the sum of the lengths of any two sides must be greater than or equal to the length of the remaining side
49. Segment a part of a figure cut off by a line or plane intersecting it, in particula
50. Ray never ending line with a point and an arrow going in one direction
51. Collinear points lying in the same straight line
52. Theorem a general proposition not self-evident but proved by a chain of reasoning; a truth established by means of accepted truths
53. Geometric Mean the central number in a geometric progression (e.g., 9 in 3, 9, 27 ), also calculable as the n th root of a product of n numbers
54. Converse the central number in a geometric progression (e.g., 9 in 3, 9, 27 ), also calculable as the n th root of a product of n numbers
55. Inscribed Angle An inscribed angle is an angle formed by two chords in a circle which have a common endpoint
56. Inverse the opposite
57. Contrapostive which says that a conditional statement is logically equivalent to its contrapositive
58. Line of Symmetry is the imaginary line where you could fold the image and have both halves match exactly
59. Conditional A conditional statement, symbolized by pq, is an if-then statement in which p is a hypothesis and q is a conclusion
60. Orthographic Drawings a means of representing a three-dimensional object in two dimensions
61. Parallelogram a four-sided plane rectilinear figure with opposite sides parallel
62. Perimeter the continuous line forming the boundary of a closed geometric figure
63. Perpendicular Bisector a line that passes through the midpoint of a given segment
64. Platonic Solids tetrahedron, hexahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron
65. Scalene having sides unequal in length
66. Prism a solid geometric figure whose two end faces are similar, equal, and parallel rectilinear figures, and whose sides are parallelograms
67. Pyramid a monumental structure with a square or triangular base and sloping sides that meet in a point at the top
68. Linear Pair two angles add up to 180
69. Lateral Area area of the faces only
70. Radius the line from the center of the circle to the edge of the circle
71. Diameter a line from the edge of the circle to the other edge of the circle, crosses through the center
72. Reflection flipping
73. Heptagon 7 sided shape
74. Vertical Angles are non-adjacent angles formed by a pair of intersecting lines
75. Parallel lines that go in the same direction and never touch
76. Perpendicular lines that cross each other and go on forever
77. Angle lines for this when they cross
78. Midsegment the middle of a segment
79. Octagon 8 sided shape
80. Regular Polygon a polygon that is equiangular (all angles are equal in measure) and equilateral (all sides have the same length)
81. Pentagon 5 sided shape
82. Rotation turn
83. Altitude a line segment connecting a vertex to the line containing the opposite side and perpendicular to that side
84. Median a segment connecting any vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side
85. Nonagon 9 sided shape
86. Decagon 10 sided shape
87. Dodecagon a plane figure with twelve sides
88. Secant Line a straight line joining two points on a function
89. Sine trig function
90. Tangent trig function
91. Tangent to a Circle a line touching the outside of the circle
92. Similar Polygon same shape just different side lenghts
93. Slope 3/5
94. Slope Intercept Form y=mx+b
95. Special Right Triangle 30,60,90 or 45,45,90
96. Sphere 3 dimensional circle
97. Surface Area how much the shape can hold
98. Tessellate arrange shapes so there is no gaps
99. Transformation Moving a shape so that it is in a different position, but still has the same size, area, angles and line lengths
100. Volume of Cylinder/Prism area of base*h
101. Acute Angle angle less than 90
102. Obtuse Angle angle more than 90
103. Straight Angle angle equal to 180
104. Skew Lines lines that are not parallel nor perpendicular
Created by: dylanallbritton
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