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any member of the militant combat squads of Italian Fascists sets up under Mussolini
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Communist International, international association of communists parties led by the Soviet Union for the purpose of encouraging worldwide communist revolution
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World history
chapter 16 and 17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| any member of the militant combat squads of Italian Fascists sets up under Mussolini | black shirts |
| Communist International, international association of communists parties led by the Soviet Union for the purpose of encouraging worldwide communist revolution | Comintern |
| in the US and Europe in the 1920s, a rebellious young woman | flappers |
| secret police in Nazi Germany | gestapo |
| in the Soviet Union, a system of forced labor camps in which millions of criminals and political prisoners were held under Stalin | gulag |
| an international agreement, signed by almost every nation in 1928, to stop using war as a method of national policy | Kellogg-Briand Pact |
| Night of Broken Glass; a large-scale attack on Jews across Germany, Austria, and Czechoslovakia by Nazi-led mobs | Kristallnacht |
| wealthy peasent in the Soviet Union in the 1930s | Kulaks |
| artistic movement that attempts to portray the workings of unconscious mind | surrealism |
| government in which a one-party dictatorship regulates every aspect of citizens’ lives | totalitarian |
| union of Austria and Germany | Anschluss |
| policy of giving into an aggressor’s demands in order to keep the peace | appeasement |
| lightning war | blitzkrieg |
| mid-size city in Japan where the first atomic bomb was dropped in August 1945 | Hiroshima |
| act passed by the US Congress in 1941 that allowed the president (FDR) to sell or lend war supplies to any country whose defense was considered vital to the US | Lend-lease Act |
| a series of acts passed by the US Congress from 1935 to 1939 that aimed to keep the US from becoming involved in WWII | neutrality acts |
| a city in southern Germany where Hitler staged Nazi rallies in the 1930s, and where Nazi war crimes trials were held after WWII | nuremberg |
| opposition to all war | Pacifism |
| now Volgograd, a city in southwestern Russia that was the site of a fierce battle during WWII | Stalingrad |
| meeting between Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin in Feburary 1945 where the three leaders made agreements regarding the end of WWII | Yalta |
| What were the results of prohibition, which was made law in the United States in 1919? | an increase in organized crime |
| In 1928, Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming discovered | penicillin |
| How did the League of Nations respond when Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931? | it condemned Japan's action but did nothing to stop it |
| U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a massive package of Depression relief called the | New Deal |
| What were the key characteristic of fascism in the 1920s and 1930s? | supremacy of the state |
| How were Stalin’s collective farms run? | they were owned and operated by peasents. The gov. would provide tractors, fertilizers, and better seed. Peasants would keep their houses and personal belongings, but all farm products were given to collective |
| Stalin attempted to make the cultural life of the Soviet Union more Russian by promoting a policy of | Russification |
| Why did France occupy Germany’s coal-rich Ruhr Valley in 1923? | to seize goods as payments for Germany's reparations debt |
| What 1924 agreement reduced German reparations and provided U.S. loans to Germany? | The Dawes plan |
| In 1935, the Nazis passed the Nuremberg Laws which | deprived Jews of German citizenship |
| What events could be described as a conservative reaction to the rapid changes in society in the United States after World War I? | Prohibition |
| Sigmund Freud’s method of studying how the mind words and treating mental disorders is called | phsycoanalysis |
| What were the results of the work of Marie Curie and Albert Einstein? | the discovery of atomic fusion |
| After most of Ireland became self-governing in 1922, why did the Irish Republican Army (IRA) continue to fight the British? | Northern Ireland remained under British rule |
| In Britain during the 1920s, the Labour party supported | gradual move toward socialism |
| What was the state of the economy of the United States in the 1920s? | the economy had become strong during the war and it continued to grow rapidly |
| In the early 1930s, what contributed to the spread of economic problems around the world? | governments raised tariffs to protect their economies |
| What political changes took place under Mussolini’s rule in Italy? | Everything was devoted to the state and Mussolini became the new dictator |
| What was the appeal of Mussolini’s fascist government to Italians? | the facists ended political feuding in government. It projected a sense of power and confidence. Revived national pride |
| What was a cause of Stalin’s Great Purge? | he feared rival party leaders |
| What was a drawback of being among the Soviet elite under Stalin? | they often suffered from Stalin's purge |
| What measure did the Nazis take that was a rejection of the Versailles treaty? | the re-armed Germany |
| Which group sharply criticized the Weimar Republic as too weak and longed for another strong leader like Bismark? | Conservative Germans |
| What did the Eastern European nations that were carved out of old European empires after World War I have in common? | they were small countries whose rural agricultural economies lacked capital to develop industry |
| Eventually, right-wing dictators emerged in every Eastern European country except | Czechoslovakia and Finland |
| What did the Nazi-Soviet Pact accomplish for Germany? | Gave Hitler a "free hand" in Poland |
| What was one reason why the Spanish Civil War was called a “dress rehearsal” for World War II? | France, Britain,and the US rallied to fight facism |
| Hitler decided to invade the Soviet Union because | he wanted to crush communism in Europe and defeat his powerful rival, Stalin. |
| In which French city did German forces set up a “puppet state” capital after conquering France? | Vichy, south of France |
| How did Churchill and Roosevelt give in to Stalin at the conference in Tehran in 1943? | They agreed to let the borders outlined in the Nazi-Soviet Pact stand, against the wishes of Poland's government-in-exile. |
| What was important about the Battle of the Bulge? | It was the last Nazi attack against the allies |
| The German air force was almost grounded by the time of the D-Day invasion because | Germans had little fuel due to allied bombing |
| Why did U.S. adopt the strategy of “island-hopping” in the Pacific? | to recapture some Japansese held islands while bypassing islands |
| What was one of Stalin’s major goals in Eastern Europe after World War II? | to create a protective buffer zone of friendly governments |
| The Truman Doctrine was rooted in the idea of | limiting communism to the areas already under soviet control, Stalin saw this as "encirclement" by capitalists |
| The League of Nations voted sanctions against which country for invading Ethiopia in 1935? | Italy |
| Through what action did Hitler violate the Versailles treaty in 1936? | By building up his military and attacking other European nations |
| What did the British and French do at the Munich Conference in 1938 to avoid war? | they persuaded the Czech to surrender to the Sudentenland |
| What was usually the first stage of Hitler’s blitzkrieg strategy? | the luftwaffe attached ground targets from the air |
| How did the Germans change their tactics in preparing for Operation Sea Lion? | they began to bomb London and other cities |
| What U.S. action influenced the Japanese decision to attack the United States in 1941? | Banning the sale of war materials to Japan |
| During World War II, âRosie the Riveterâ came to symbolize | Women's working and power rights |
| In 1942, what priority did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin set in the war? | to achieve victory in Europe before trying to achieve it in Asia |
| What stopped the German advance during the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941? | the soviet winter |
| What was the Manhattan Project? | Allied scientists making the first atomic bomb of WWII |
| Who were the kamikaze? | Japan suicide pilots |
| What action did the Western Allies take after World War II that caused the Soviets to strengthen their hold on East Germany? | Tried to ensure West Germany was free to democracy; made sure Eastern Europe had a friendly “buffer zone” between the USSR and West |
| What was the importance of the Battle of El Alamein in 1942? | they stopped Rommel's advances and were later able to capture him and his army |
| What did the Soviet Union do during Germany’s invasion of Poland in 1939? | attacked poland from the east (part of Nazi-Soviet pact) |
| What happened at Dunkirk in the spring of 1940? | British force was successfully retreated across English channel |
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annalebrun