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anthropology ch3

Stack #155905

QuestionAnswer
Mitochondria and ribosomes are found within the nucleus of the cell false
Enzymes are specialized proteins that initiate and direct chemical reactions in the body true
Genes include both exones, DNA that codes for particular amino acids, and introns, noncoding DNA true
Sickle-cell anemia results from a chromosomal mutation causing a trisomy at the 15th chromosomal pair false
Humans have 48 chromosomes while chimps and gorillas have 46 false
A zygote is the chromosomal complement of an in individual or that which is typical for a species false
Somatic cells have a full compliment of chromosomes while gametes have half true
Nondisjunction is a failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis true
Recombinant DNA technollogy is a method for producing thousands of copies of a DNA segment using the enzyme DNA polymerase false
The discipline that links or influences the various subdisciplines of physical (biological) anthropology is genetics
A cell that has its DNA enclosed by a nucleus is called a eukaryote cell
The two nucleic acids that contain the genetic information that controls the cell's functions are DNA and RNA
Organelles found in the cytoplasm that contains their own DNA are the mitochondria
Which of the following is NOT a sex cell skin cell
a cell formed by the union of an egg and a sperm is called a zygote
The smallest unit of DNA consists of one sugar, one phosphate, and one of four bases. This unit is called a nucleotide
Researchers found that certain bases of the DNA macromolecule always pair these bases are referred to as complementary
A parental chain of DNA provides the following template: AAT CGA CGT. Which of the following sequences of free nucleotides would pair with the parental template? TTA GCT GCA
The end result of DNA replication is two new strands of DNA
A type of protien which helps to enhance chemical reactions in the body is a(n) enzyme
Proteins consist of chains of amino acids
Which of the following is NOT true about RNA? it contains the base thymine
The formation of a mRNA molecule from DNA is called transcription
The reading of mRNA by a ribosome to produce protein is called translation
A 3-base sequence of a mRNA molecule that determines one amino acid in a polypeptide chain is called a condon
In protein synthesis all of the following occur EXCEPT amino acids are transported to the nucleus to bond with DNA molecules
What is the name of the molecule that binds to amino acids? transfer RNA (tRNA)
The following segment of mRNA contains the bases UUA CGC UGA. Which triplets on the three different tRNAs will line up in order during translation AAU GCG ACU
The entire sequence of DNA bases on the chromosome that code for a particular polypeptide chain is a(n) gene
Which of the following influences cellular aging and the regulation of cell cycles? telomeres
A single base substitution in the DNA causes a severe hemoglobin disorder in which oxygen stressed red blood cells collapse resulting in sickle-cell anemia
A change in one base of a codon may produce a change in the hereditary information. This is called a point mutation
What is the characteristic number of chromosomes in human somatic cells? 46
A genetically normal human female has 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes
The end result of mitosis in humans is two identical "daughter" cells
Which of the following is true for meiosis? it produces gametes
The most important regulatory genes that control embryonic development of body plans and segmentation are known as homeobox genes
Which of the following is NOT an example of nondisjunction? sickle-cell anemia
If chromosomes or chromosome strands fail to separate during meiosis serious problems can arise. This failure to separate is called nondisjunction
The multinational effort to sequence all of teh genes of the human body is called the Human Genome Project
An organism that is genetically identical to another organism is known as a clone
A process in which genes from the cell of one species are transferred to the cell of another species is known as recombinant DNA technology
Created by: vojtek
 

 



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