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anthropology ch2
Stack #155725
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The belief that life forms could not change came to be known in European intellectual circles as the fixity of species | true |
| The Comte de Buffon developed the system of classification that became the basis for taxonomy we still use today | false |
| The inheritance of acquired characteristics was an early mechanism of evolution proposed by Georges Cuvier | false |
| Charles Lyell's geological research supported the theory of uniformitarianism, an idea that states that processes observed in the present are the same as those that occurred in the past | true |
| Erasmus Darwin's "Essay on the Principle of Population" greatly influenced his grandson Charles Darwin's view of the importance of competition in nature | false |
| Charles Darwin and John Ray independently devised the idea of natural selection in the mid 17th century | false |
| A basic premise of natural selection is that variation is the normal state of affairs in species | true |
| Fitness, a measure of relative physical strength, can be measured by an individual's contribution to the protection of their social group | false |
| Darwin's greatest strengths were his ability to explain the origins of variation and his complete understanding of the mechanism by which parents transmitted traits to their offspring | false |
| Because "creation science" is not testable, it is not science | true |
| The idea that organisms never change is called | fixity of species |
| Which of the following is a CORRECT statement? | Scientific knowledge is usually gained through a series of small steps rather than giant leaps |
| The naturalist who first developed the concepts of genus and species was | John Ray |
| The discipline within biology that is concerned with the rules of classifying organisms on the basis of evolutionary relationships is | taxonomy |
| Which of the following is an example of binomial nomenclature? | Homo sapiens |
| The formal science of classifying animals and plants is called _____________ and was invented by ___________ | taxonomy; Linnaeus |
| The first person to class humans with another animal group, the primates, was | Linnaeus |
| The naturalist who believed that species could change by adapting to new environmental conditions, yet rejected the notion of one species evolving out of another, was | Buffon |
| Lamarck believed that | the environment plays a major role in evolution |
| The opposite of Fixity of Species is | evolution |
| A body builder works hard to build large muscles. He marries a beauty queen/life guard. The body builder expects his male offspring to be born muscle bound. His beliefs resemble those of | the inheritance of acquired characteristics |
| The idea that species were fixed, but became extinct due to sudden, violent events and were replaced by neighboring new species is called | catastrophism |
| Which scientist was most associated with the concept of catastrophism? | Cuvier |
| The idea supported by Lyell that the geological forces active today are no different from those acting in the past is known as | uniformitarianism |
| Uniformitarianism implies which of the following | the earth is very old |
| Which of the following ideas of Charles Lyell contributed to Darwin's thinking? | there is an immense geological time scale |
| The concept that within populations there is constant competition for food and other resources was the idea of | Thomas Malthus |
| Which of the following developed a theory of evolution by natural selection? | A. R. Wallace |
| Which of the following is NOT a statement that Darwin would have made | Traits acquired during an individual's lifetime are passed to the next generation |
| Those individuals that produce more offspring, relative to other individuals in the population, are said to have greater | fitness |
| Forces in the environment which influence reproductive success are called | selective pressures |
| Which of the following historical figures did NOT believe in the Fixity of Species? | Lamarck |
| One of the best documented case of natural selection acting on non-human populations is | industrial melanism involving peppered moths near Manchester, England |
| What happened to the peppered moth population in England during the Industrial Revolution? | There was a shift in body color from light to dark in this population |
| Industrial melanism refers to | a case of natural selection in Britain |
| Differential net reproductive success refers to | the number of offspring that survive to reproduce relative to other individuals |
| Darwin's explanation for evolution suffered from his inability to explain | the origins of variation |
| The unit of natural selection is the _________ while the unit of evolution is the _____________ | individual; population |
| Which of the following historical figures did NOT influence Charles Darwin? | Mendel |
| Which of the following statements is true? | "Creation Science" and "Intelligent Design Theory" both invoke a supernatural creater |
| "Creation Science" | All of the above - asserts that its ideas are absolute, is not amenable to scientific testing, is religion, not science |
Created by:
vojtek