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diuretics

QuestionAnswer
Thiazides best choice for elderly
Thiazides reduce UCa: effective for hypercalciuria, increase in bone mineral density
Thiazides adverse effects: hyponatremia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypokalemia
Thiazides block NCC (Na/Cl cotransporter) in DCT
Loop diuretics, forosemide block NKCC in TALH
Loop diuretics, forosemide Used for HTN only in CKD; used frequently for CHF, nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis. Most potent
Loop diuretics, forosemide Increases calcium excretion
Loop diuretics, forosemide Adverse effects: hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hearing loss
K+ sparing diuretics NOT used alone for HTN
Triamterene, amiloride K+ sparing diuretics, block ENaC
Triamterene, amiloride adverse effects: hyperkalemia, kidney stones
Spironolactone K+ sparing diuretics, aldosterone antagonist
Spironolactone adverse effects: hyperkalemia and gynecomastia
CA inhibitors e.g. acetazolamide Used for glaycoma, lowers intraocular pressure; prophylaxis of acute mountain sickness; infrequuent use as diuretic
CA inhibitors e.g. acetazolamide adverse effects: due to loss of HCO3: metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, calcium-phosphate kidney stones
Conivaptan, tolvaptan V2 receptor antagonists (block ADH binding to its receptor)
Created by: lc2769
 

 



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