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ap2exam3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate. They synapse on neurons in the | Olfactory bulb |
| Gustatory receptors are located | On the surface of the tongue |
| The taste sensation that is triggered by the amino acid glutamate is known as | Umami |
| The space between the iris and ciliary body and the lens is the | Posterior chamber |
| The human lens focuses light on the photoreceptor cells by | Changing Shape |
| The vitreous body | helps to stabilize the eye and give physical support to the retina. |
| The shape of the lens is controlled by the | ciliary muscle |
| The transparent portion of the fibrous tunic is the | cornea |
| The opening in the iris through which light passes is the | pupil |
| An area of the retina that contains only cones and is the site of sharpest vision is the | fovea |
| Which of the following description applies to the term myopia? | nearsightedness |
| A ray of light entering the eye will encounter these structures in which order? | conjunctiva → cornea → aqueous humor → lens → vitreous body → retina → choroid |
| The optic disc is a blind spot because | there are no photoreceptors in that area |
| A pigment synthesized from vitamin A is | retinal |
| The ________ ear collects sounds waves and transmits them to the ________ ear, which contains auditory ossicles | outer; middle |
| The external acoustic meatus ends at | tympanic membrane |
| The ________ convey(s) information about head position with respect to gravity. | utricle and the saccule |
| The auditory ossicles connect the | tympanic membrane to the oval window. |
| The middle ear communicates with the nasopharynx through the | auditory tube |
| An infection that damages the vestibular nerve could result in a loss of | equilibrium. |
| The following is a list of the steps that occur in the production of an auditory sensation. | 2,4,6,1,5,3 |
| Perception of gravity and linear acceleration depends on | the force exerted by otoliths on hair cells of the maculae. |
| Sound waves are converted into mechanical movements by the | tympanic membrane |
| The cell bodies of sensory neurons that innervate the hair cells of the cochlea form the ________ ganglion. | spiral |
| Which of the following descriptions best matches the term stereocilia? | bending these produces receptor potential in hair cells |
| ________ are chemical messengers that are released in one tissue and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues. | hormones |
| The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n) ________ organ. | endocrine |
| Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger? | cyclic AMP |
| are derived from cholesterol; are produced by reproductive glands; bind to receptors within the cell; are lipids. | steroid hormones |
| Which of the following hormones is/ are water soluble and therefore bind(s) to extracellular receptors? | insulin and epinephrine |
| Destruction of the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus would have which result? | loss of ADH secretion |
| The primary function of ADH is to | decrease the amount of water lost at the kidneys. |
| The hypothalamus controls secretion by the adenohypophysis by | secreting releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system. |
| Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis release ) | FSH; TSH; ACTH; GH |
| Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause | gigantism |
| Which of the following organs contain target cells for oxytocin? | Prostate; ductus deferens; mammary glands; uterus |
| PRL is to ________ as ACTH is to ________. | prolactin; corticotropin |
| Which of the following elements is necessary for the production of thyroid hormone? | iodine |
| Mental and physical sluggishness and low body temperature may be signs of | hypothyroidism. |
| A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is | calcitonin |
| The hormone that does the opposite of calcitonin is | parathyroid hormone |
| The parathyroid glands produce a hormone that | increases the level of calcium ions in the blood |
| The zona reticularis of the suprarenal cortex produces | androgens |
| The suprarenal medulla produces | catecholamines. |
| A hormone that promotes gluconeogenesis in the liver is | cortisol. |
| A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion content of the body is | aldosterone. |
| Cushing disease results from an excess of | glucocorticoids. |
| Pinealocytes produce | melatonin. |
| Alpha cells are to ________ as beta cells are to ________. | glucagon; insulin |
| The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of | angiotensin. |
Created by:
parkerl37