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Civics-Chapter 22
Chapter 22 Key Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Political Party | an organization of citizens who wish to influence and control government by getting their members elected to office. |
| Nominate | name candidates to run for public office. |
| Platform | a statement of the party's official stand on major public issues. |
| Planks | position statements on each specific issue in a party's platform. |
| Canvass | going door-to-door handing out information and asking people which candidates they support. |
| Precincts | voting districts. |
| Patronage | the system in which party leaders perform favors for loyal supporters of the party. |
| Straight Ticket | a ballot cast for all the candidates of one party. |
| Split Ticket | the practice of voting for candidates of more than one party on the same ballot. |
| Independent Voters | people who do not support a particular political party. |
| Self-Nomination | declaring that you are running for office. |
| Write-In Candidates | one who asks voters to write his or her name on the ballot. |
| Caucus | a meeting of party leaders to discuss issues or to choose candidates. |
| Direct Primary | an election in which members of a political party choose candidates to run for office in the name of the party. |
| Closed Primary | a primary in which a voter must be registered as a party member and may only vote in the party's primary. |
| Open Primary | a primary in which voters do not need to declare a party before voting, but may only vote in one party's primary. |
| Partisan | part of a particular group or cause. |
| Political Party | an organization of citizens who wish to influence and control government by getting their members elected to office. |
| Nominate | name candidates to run for public office. |
| Platform | a statement of the party's official stand on major public issues. |
| Planks | position statements on each specific issue in a party's platform. |
| Canvass | going door-to-door handing out information and asking people which candidates they support. |
| Precincts | voting districts. |
| Patronage | the system in which party leaders perform favors for loyal supporters of the party. |
| How do political parties keep watch over one another? | by acting like watchdogs and calling each other on everything wrong that they do. |
| Why do you think parties monitor one another's activities? | because they want to make themselves seem more perfect when another makes a mistake. |
| How do volunteers help political parties? | they write letters and pamphlets and send them to voters, they raise money, and hold events for the candidates. |
| How might party activity at the local level affect a party's national policy? | because they might change the minds of locals throughout the country, state, or town. |
| What event contributed to the Republican Party's becoming the majority party? | the creation of third parties. |
| What third party did Theodore Roosevelt lead? | the Progressive or "Bull Moose" party. |
| What disadvantages does a third-party candidate have? | the third party usually win the election. |
| General Beliefs of Republican Party | less governmental intervention in the economy, supports restricting organized labor, lower taxes and breaks for high-income earners to encourage business investment and economic growth, cutting back welfare benefits in order to foster initiative for welfa |
| General Beliefs of Democratic Party | government regulation of the economy, organized labor, higher taxes for high-income earners and a redistribution of tax revenue to programs for the poor, keeping welfare in place for the poor and disadvantage, school-funding initiatives that create compet |
| What prevents either political party from adopting an extreme position on an issue? | too much focusing on one issue and not working on other issues that the people want. |
| What three elements have parties used to maintain their strength? | the system of patronage, a central role in election campaigns, and voter loyalty. |
| How would you expect patronage appointments to affect the efficiency of government? | more people wanting to be rewarded for helping a party get into office. |
| What does a candidate need to do with a nominating petition? | they need to get a certain number of signatures of people who would like them to be a candidate. |
| How is a caucus different from a primary? | caucus=a meeting of party leaders to discuss issues or to choose candidates, primary=an election to vote for the candidates. |
| Why are Iowa caucuses and the New Hampshire primary important? | because candidates are able to meet voters and after the primary and caucus are held, candidates can see how well they'll be able to raise money and attract voters. |
| Who can run for President? | anyone over 35 years old and born in the US. |
| Why do you think candidates who fare poorly in early primaries rarely get the nomination for President? | because they don't raise enough money and they aren't very popular. |
| Why might a candidate who barely succeeded in the primary elections face difficulties in the general election? | they would have spent too much time and money on people who weren't already loyal to them and not enough on the people who were loyal. They wouldn't be popular or have raised enough money. |
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