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Hormones & functions

TermDefinition
Growth Hormone (GH) Promotes growth of all body tissues (especially skeletal)
Prolactin stimulates production of milk by mammary glands
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Stimulates adrenal cortex to produce hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) stimulates thyroid to produce and secrete hormones
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) stimulates growth and activity of ovarian follicles or testes, promotes development of egg and sperm
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Causes ovulation and development of corpus luteum in females, in males, stimulates synthesis and release of testosterone
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Promotes reabsorption of water from kidney tubules; contracts smooth muscles in blood vessels
Oxytocin Causes contraction of uterine muscle during labor and the"let-down reflex" when nursing (release of milk from mammary glands)
Thyroxine/Triidothyronine increases metabolic rate; required for normal development-must have iodine to produce
Parathyroid Hormone increases blood calcium by increasing osteoclast activity, increasing calcium absorption in intestines, and decreasing calcium loss to urine
Calcitonin Decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity
Glucocorticoids- cortisol Aids in metabloism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins; Decreases inflammation, active during stress
Mineralcorticoids- aldosterone Aids in regulating electrolytes (reabsorption of sodium ions), net effect- increases water retention
Androgens/Estrogens Supplement hormones to the gonads'; regulate some secondary sex characteristics
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine Both result in effects resembling those of sympathetic stimulation, increase heart rate, breathing rate, blood flow, glucose production, etc.
Glucagon Stimulates the liver to release glucose from glycogen, increases blood sugar levels
Insulin Promotes the transport of glucose into the cell, causing the blood glucose levels to fall
Ovarian Follicle- estrogens stimulate growth and development of reproductive system, responsible for secondary sex characteristics, stimulates endometrium of uterus
Corpus Luteum- estrogens and progesterone stimulates further growth of the endometrium during pregnancy, develops mammary glands
Testosterone stimulate growth and development of reproductive system, responsible for secondary sex characteristics
Melatonin establishes day/night cycle and regulates the onset of puberty
thymosin promotes the development of white blood cells for immune protection
Created by: kcarpenter
 

 



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