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16,17,18 physics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a region where an electric force on a test charge can be detected | electric field |
| what is electric field measured in? | N/C |
| two charged objects near one another may experience acceleration either toward or away from each other because each object exerts a force on the other object | electric force |
| if two objects are connected by a wire they will eventually reach _______ | equilibrium |
| what is coulomb's constant | 8.99 x 10^9 Nxm^2/C^2 |
| what is the charge of an electron? | -1.6 x 10^-19 C |
| _____ _______ is a material in which charges can move freely | electrical conductor (metals, jumper cables, lightning rod) |
| ________ ______ are materials in which charges can not move freelyh | electrical insulator (glass, rubber, plastic) |
| the process of charging a conductor by brining it near another charged object and grounding the conductor | induction |
| a neutrally charged object rearranges the position of its charges in the presence of another charged object | polarization |
| line pointing in the direction of the electric field, movement of a positive test charge | electric field lines |
| what is potential energy measured in? | joules |
| what is volts measured in? | J/C |
| the potential energy associated with a charge due to its position in the electric field | electric potential energy |
| the ability of a conductor to store energy in the form of electrically separate charges | capacitance |
| what is capacitance measured in | farads |
| what is a farad | C/V |
| when inserted, capacitance is increased and the effect of it is to reduce the strength of the electric field in the capacitor | dielectric |
| plates of a capacitor remained charged until it is connected with a material that _______ | conducts |
| when a capacitor is discharging, charges move back to one plate or another until there is no charge because that is the lost _____ _____ | potential energy (electric) |
| a charged capacitor stores electric potential energy because it requires ______ to move charges through a circuit to the opposite plates of the capacitor | work (measure of the transfer of energy) |
| the positive side of the battery is the _______ | cathode |
| the negative side of the battery is the ______ | anode |
| when does a capacitor stop moving charges? | when the potential difference between the plates equals the potential difference between the terminals of the battery |
| what is power measured in | watts |
| what is current measured in | amperes |
| what is resistance measured in | ohms |
| a representation of a circuit that uses lines to represent wires and different symbols to represent components | schematic diagram |
| wires have ______ resistance | negligible |
| differences in line lengths of a battery indicate what? | a potential difference at each positive and negative terminal of a battery |
| what does a curved line in a capacitor mean? | that the capacitor can be used with only direct current sources with the polarity as shown |
| the rate at which electric charges pass through a given area | electric current |
| the direction of the current is opposite the movement of ______ _________ | negative charges |
| the direction of conventional current is what? | how positive charges would move |
| the net velocity of a charge carrier moving in an electric field | drift velocity |
| T/F electrons move in straight lines in a conductor | false |
| electrons net movement is opposite the electric field, but the collide with ______ of the conductor | atoms |
| electrons gan _______ _______ as the electric field propels them through the conductor | kinetic energy |
| electrons also lose _____ _____ as they collide with atoms in a conductor | kinetic energy |
| as electrons collide with atoms of a conductor, they _____ (conductor heats up) | vibrate |
| electrons ultimately move along conductor (opposite ________ ________ and ________ ________) with a velocity called drift velocity | conventional current and electric field |
| drift speeds are relatively _______ | small |
| as electrons flow into a conductor, what happens to the other electrons in the conductor? | they are moved forward |
| the opposition presented to electric current by a material or device | resistance |
| what four things affect resistance? | length, cross sectional area, material, temperature |
| what are equipotential lines? | lines perpendicular to the electric field and along an equipotential line, voltage and potential energy electric do not change |
| what happens to electric potential energy if a charge moves parallel to a equipotential line? | the potential energy remains the same |
| what happens to electric potential energy if a charge moves parallel to an electric field? | it changes |
| how does a battery generate a potential difference across terminals? | the battery does work on the electrons and causes them to have additional electric potential energy, more so than the other end so there is a potential difference |
| path in which charges can flow | electric circuit |
| element or group of elements in a circuit that dissipate energy | load - resistors, light bulb (energy comes out as light and heat) |
| in an open circuit what is the current like? | no current |
| if there is a potential difference in a battery, what does that mean about the particles? | there is a difference in electric potential energy |
| what does a battery do? | provides a voltage difference (emf) |
| which of the following will happen in an electric field? | gaining and losing potential energy from a charge entering an electric field |
| KNOW HOW TO DERIVE 2 EQUATIONS FROM POWER | |
| if a charge moves perpendicular to an electric field.... | PE does not change |
| will a longer or shorter wire have more resistance | longer |
| will a greater or smaller cross sectional area have more resistance | smaller |
| if the temperature is hotter, will it have a greater resistance or lesser resistance? | greater |
Created by:
jackjack109