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SS Assessment 3
China, Greece
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 Chinese philosophies. | Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism |
| Which dynasty was in power when the 3 philosophies arose? | The Zhou dynasty |
| What is Feudalism? | a system of government based on landowners and tenants. The king owned all the land. He gave large pieces to lords in exchange for protection from attack. Peasant farmers worked the land for the lords. |
| What was the goal of Confucianism? | a just and peaceful society |
| According to Confucius, how should people act? | Confucius believed people should be kind, honest, wise and faithful and respect elders. Fathers, husbands and older siblings should set an example. |
| What was the basic rule of Confucianism? | Do unto others what you want done to you. |
| What are the 5 basic relationships of Confucianism? | Ruler/subject, husband/wife, father/son, older sibling/younger sibling, friend/friend. |
| According to Daoism how do people gain happiness and peace? | by living in harmony or agreement with nature. Living simple lives of quiet meditation. |
| What is yin and yang? | Ying is one half of the Daoist idea of opposing forces of nature. The other (opposite) force of nature is yang. |
| According to Daoism, who were the best rulers? | Those who ruled the least. |
| What are the basic principles of Legalism? | Based on the idea that most people are naturally selfish. It was not enough for rulers to set an example. Government should create order by establishing strict laws and enforcing them with rewards for good behavior and harsh punishments for bad behavior |
| Under legalism what happened to people who criticized the rulers of the government? | They were severely punished, some put to death. |
| How did Legalism influence the emperor Qin Shi Huangdi when he came to power? | He used ideas to unite China's warring states. |
| Which Chinese philosophy influenced Qin Shi Huangdi the most? | Legalism |
| How did Emperor Qin standardize Chinese culture? | He created a unified system of laws, standardized money, weights and measures and simplified the writing system. |
| What did Qin order built to protect China's northern border? | the Great Wall |
| What did Qin do with Confucian scholars? | He executed them for plotting against him |
| What did Qin do with Confucian books? | He ordered Confucian books be brought to the capital and burned |
| What objects were buried with the emperor when he died and why? | A terra cotta army, with more than 6,000 life-size figures -- achrers, soldiers, chariot drivers and horses. To keep Qin's company in death. |
| How did the Han dynasty rule compared to Qin? | They did not believe they could rule people with force. They incorporated Confucian ideals of moral behavior in the government. The Qin dynasty ruled harshly by force. |
| What is bureaucracy? | A form of government that is structured like a pyramid, with a few people at the top and many at the bottom. At each level, people direct those who are below them. |
| What 2 important industries were controlled by the Han government | Silk and salt |
| What is silk? | A material produced from the fibers of a silkworm cocoon. |
| What key advance in art was invented under the Han? | paper |
| What two empires were connected by the Silk Road? | The Han empire in the East with the Roman empire in the West. |
| What was the explorer Zhang Qian trying to do when he learned bout cultuyres to the west of China? | He wanted to form an alliance with western peoples against China's northern enemy, the Huns. |
| What did the Han get from the Romans in exchange for Chinese silk? | gold and glassware |
| What goods did the Chinese trade along the silk road? | silk, china, ornaments, jewelry, cast-iron products and decorative boxes. In return they got horses, jade, furs and gold. |
| What goods did the Indians trade along the silk road? | cotton, spices, pearls and ivory |
| What goods did the Egyptians and Persians trade along the silk road? | perfumes, cosmetics, carpets. |
| What goods did the Central Asians trade along the silk road? | metal items, dyes and slaves |
| What goods did the Romans trade along the silk road? | glass products, gold, asbestos (to make fireproof cloth), coral |
| The silk road helped spread which great religion? | Buddhism |
| what are the 4 forms of government that developed in Greek city-states? | monarchy, oligarchy, tyranny, democracy |
| what is a monarchy? | system of government where one person inherits the power |
| what is an oligarchy? | system of government where few people share the power |
| what is tyranny? | a system of government where one person takes power by force |
| what is a democracy? | a system of government where all citizens share the power |
| where in Greece did a democracy develop | in Athens |
| why was Athens called a democracy | because: a)citizens could take part in the government b)laws had to be approved by the Assembly c)the Assembly debated and voted on laws d)every citizen had the right to speak at Assemblies |
| How were women and slaves treated in Athens? | a) women/slaves not considered citizens, had fewer rights than men b) women could not inherit/own property, vote or choose their husbands c)slaves born into slavery, others captured in war d)slaves had many jobs-the unluckiest worked in silver mines |
| what kinds of jobs did slaves have in Athens | ran households, tutored children, craftsmen, worked in farms and factories |
Created by:
Ellden