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EGSCbiologyQuiz3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The term anaerobic means | Without O2 |
| Photosynthesis occurs in ____ and cellular respiration occurs in ____. | Chloroplasts....mitochondria |
| How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration? | They produce ATP. |
| The processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary. During these energy conversions, some energy is | Lost in the form of heat. |
| Respiration is ____, and cellular respiration produces _____. | Gas exchange ...ATP. |
| What are the products of cellular respiration? | Energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide |
| Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false? CR: consumes glucose, is a single chemical reaction with just one step, produces water, produces carbon dioxide, releases heat | Is a single chemical reaction with just one step |
| The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is | C6h1206+6 o2 ->6 CO2+6h2o+energy |
| Cellular respiration is _______ at harnessing _____ from_____ than ___ _____ are at harnessing _____ from ______. | More efficient...energy...glucose....car engines...energy....gasoline. |
| Humans use the calories they obtain from _____as their source of energy. | Food |
| Humans use about _____ of their daily calories for involuntary life-sustaining activities such as digestion, circulation, and breathing. | 75% |
| A kilocalorie is defined asp | The quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degrees C. |
| The label on the box of breakfast cereal lists one serving as containing 200 calories per serving. How many calories are actually in one serving? | |
| The term anaerobic means | Without O2 |
| Photosynthesis occurs in ____ and cellular respiration occurs in ____. | Chloroplasts....mitochondria |
| How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration? | They produce ATP. |
| The processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary. During these energy conversions, some energy is | Lost in the form of heat. |
| Respiration is ____, and cellular respiration produces _____. | Gas exchange ...ATP. |
| What are the products of cellular respiration? | Energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide |
| Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false? CR: consumes glucose, is a single chemical reaction with just one step, produces water, produces carbon dioxide, releases heat | Is a single chemical reaction with just one step |
| The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is | C6h1206+6 o2 ->6 CO2+6h2o+energy |
| Cellular respiration is _______ at harnessing _____ from_____ than ___ _____ are at harnessing _____ from ______. | More efficient...energy...glucose....car engines...energy....gasoline. |
| Humans use the calories they obtain from _____as their source of energy. | Food |
| Humans use about _____ of their daily calories for involuntary life-sustaining activities such as digestion, circulation, and breathing. | 75% |
| A kilocalorie is defined asp | The quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degrees C. |
| The label on the box of breakfast cereal lists one serving as containing 200 calories per serving. How many calories are actually in one serving? | 200,000 |
| During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose is carried by | Electrons |
| During redox reactions, electrons are _____ from one substance and ____ to another substance. | Lost...added |
| Oxidation is the ____, and reduction is the _____. | Loss of electrons...gain of electrons. |
| In biological systems, an important enzyme involved in the regulation of redox reactions is | Dehydrogenase. |
| During cellular respiration, NADH delivers its electron load to the _____. | First electron carrier molecule. |
| During cellular respiration, electrons move through a series of electron carrier molecules. Molecular oxygen is reduced when... | It accepts electrons and forms water. |
| The functioning of an electron transport chain is analogous to... | A slinky toy going down a flight of stairs. |
| List the stages in cellular respiration in the correct order. | Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation |
| A drug is tested in the lab and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes. Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit... | The citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation |
| During which phase of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place? | Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle |
| Which metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism? | Glycolysis |
| As a result of glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATPs. | 2 |
| How many molecules of NADH are produced during glycolysis? | 2 |
| What is a result of glycolysis? | Conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds |
| A culture of bacteria growing aerobically is fed glucose containing radioactive carbon and is then examined. As the bacteria metabolize e glucose, radioactivity will appear first in | Glucose-6-phosphate |
| The end products of glycolysis include | NADH. |
| Between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, | Pyruvate is oxidized while a molecule of NAD+ is reduced to NADH. |
| True or false. Each pyruvate molecule has a CO2 added and then joins with an NADH. | False |
| Pyruvate is considered an ____ aerobic cellular respiration. | Intermediate in |
| The enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the ... | Matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane. |
| The end products of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except...CO2, pyruvate, ATP, NADH, FADH2? | Pyruvate |
| The function of coenzyme A in the citric acid cycle is most like... | A limousine driver dropping off a couple at the school prom. |
| At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in... | NADH |
| During chemiosmosis, ___ is released when ___ ions move through a ___ port provided by ______. | ATP...H+...protein...ATP synthase. |
| True or False: The inner mitochondrial membrane plays a role in the production of pyruvate. | False |
| The mitochondrial cristae are an adaptation that increases the space for ________ of the ___________ and ___________. | more copies...electron transport chain...ATP synthase complexes. |
| A mutant protist is found in which some mitochondria lack an inner mitochondrial membrane. Which pathway would be completely disrupted in these mitochondria? | oxidative phosphorylation |
| If you were able to stop the process of cellular respiration after completing electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis, you would find the pH of a mitoochondrion to be at its lowest... | in the intermembrane space. |
| By-products of cellular respiration include | carbon dioxide and water. |
| In the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is... | an oxygen atom. |
| Rotenone is a poison commonly added to insecticides. Insects exposed to rotenone will die because... | they will no longer be able to produce adequate amounts of ATP. |
| Cyanide differs from dinitrophenol in that... | cyanide is an electron transport blocker, while dinitrophenol is a reaction uncoupler. |
| True or false: Glycolysis and the "grooming" of pyruvate together produce more NADH per glucose molecule than does the citric acid cycle. | False |
| Each FADH2 yield a maximum of ___ ATP, and each NADH yields a maximum of ___ ATP as a result of transferring pairs of electrons to the electron transport chain. | 2.......3 |
| Gycolysis and the citric acid cycle must occur ___ times per glucose molecule. | 2 |
| The energy yield from the complete aerobic breakdown of a single molecule of glucose can vary with the mechanism used to shuttle _____ into the ___ | NADH electrons...mitochondrion. |
| Which process produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose oxidized? | aerobic respiration |
| In fermentation, ________ is oxidized. | NADH |
| When an organism such as a yeast lives by fermentation, it converts the pyruvate from glycolysis into a different compound, such as alcohol. Why doesn't it secrete the pyruvate directly? | The conversion is needed to regenerate the NAD+ consumed during glycolysis. |
| Muscle soreness associated with strenuous exercise is at least partly due to... | The presence of lactate produced during fermentation in muscle cells. |
| A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells. However, the muscles still function. Physicians find that... | the muscles contain large amounts of lactate following even mild physical exercise. |
| Making wine in basement & added yeast to a sweet grape juice mixture & have allowed the yeast to grow. After several days, sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped, but there's no alcohol in the mixture. Explain. | The mixture needs less oxygen, because yeast only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen. |
| In yeast cells, alcohol is produced after which process? | glycolysis |
| Bacteria that are unable to survive in the presence of oxygen are called... | Obligate anaerobes. |
| Yeasts can produce ATP by either fermentation or oxidative phosphorylation; thus, they are... | facultative anaerobes. |
| True or false: Gycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic system because it is the most efficient metabolic pathway for ATP synthesis. | False |
| When proteins are used as a source of energy for the body, the proteins are mainly converted into... | intermediates of glycolysis or the citric acid cycle |
Created by:
Kpeters2