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Gas Laws
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many gas law type are there? | 2 |
| What are the two gas law types? | Ideal / General |
| How are Ideal laws classified? | Describes the interrelationship that exist amongst temperature, pressure, and volume. |
| What are some Ideal Gas Law examples? | Boyle's, Charles', Gay-lussac's Laws |
| Boyle's Law | At a constant temperature, a volume of gas is inversely proportional with pressure. |
| How is Boyle's Law written? | P1V1 = P2V2 |
| Charles Law | At a constant pressure, a volume of gas is directly proportional with temperature. |
| How is Charles' Law written? | V1/T1 = V2/T2 |
| Gay-Lussac's Law | At a constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to temperature. |
| Gay-Lussac's Law written? | P1/T1 = P2/T2 |
| Henry's Law | The amount of gas that is dissolved in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas over the liquid. |
| What is the partial pressure of Oxygen in in the alveoli at room temperature? In pulmonary capillary? | 100 Torr / 40 Torr |
| What is the partial pressure of Carbon Dioxide in the pulmonary capillary? In alveoli? | 45 Torr / 0 Torr |
| What is the relationship with Henry's Law and temperature? | Increasing temperature, decreases the amount of dissolved gas. Decreasing the temperature increases the amount of dissolved gas. |
| How does Henry's law relate to an anesthetized patient? | Hypothermic patients remain anesthetized, Hyperthermic patients require more anesthesia. |
| Dalton's Law | The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases in a closed container at a given temperature is equal to the sum of the pressure that each gas exerts. |
| What is partial pressure? | The pressure of each individual gas. |
| Example of Dalton's Law? | Compressed air cylinder contains 21% Oxygen and 79% Nitrogen, Total pressure is 100%. |
| Dalton's Law and Henry's Law has some clinical importance. Oxygen is carried in blood in how many ways? | 2 |
| What are the ways oxygen is carried in blood? | Dissolved in plasma and expressed as partial pressure, has affinity for RBCs and attaches to hemoglobin (SpO2). |
| Each gram of Hemoglobin carries how MLs of oxygen? | 1.34 MLs |
| 15 grams of Hemoglobin carries how much oxygen? | 20.1 gm/dl |
| In 100 ml plasma, how many MLs are there? | 0.003 MLs |
| Alveolar Partial Pressure of 100 mm Hg, each dl of plasma contains how much oxygen? | 0.3 MLs |
| If you patient is anemic with only 5 gm HB, how much oxygen would this patient have per dl. | 6.8 gm/dl |
| A low SpO2 can impact PaO2 by doing what? | Decreasing the amount of oxygen in ml/dl. (A high HB with a low SpO2 has a small decrease in oxygen in ml/dl) |
| Avogadro's Law | Equal volumes of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules regardless of their chemical nature and physical property. |
| What is Avogadro's number? | 6.023 x 10 to the 23rd power |
| What is a fundamental constant in chemistry? | Avogadro's number |
| What does Avogadro's number do? | Permits calculation of the amount of pure substance, and makes possible determination of how much heavier a simple molecule of one gas is than that of another. |
| What results from Avogadro's number? | The relative molecular weights of gases can be ascertained by comparing the weights of equal volumes. |
Created by:
gmg005
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