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Medical Terminology
Chapter 11: The Special Senses of the Eyes and Ears
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adnexa | The accessory or adjoining anatomical parts of an organ |
| acous/o , acoust/o , audi/o , audit/o , ot/o | Hearing, sound, ear |
| ambly/o | Dull, dim |
| anis/o | Unequal |
| blephar/o | Eyelid |
| -cusis | Hearing |
| dacryocyst/o , lacrim/o | Lacrimal sac (tear sac) |
| dipl/o | Double |
| ec- , ecto- , exo- , ex- | Out, outside, away from |
| -ectomy | Surgical removal, cutting out, excision |
| emmetr/o | In proper measure |
| en- | In, within, into |
| eso- | Inward |
| glauc/o | Gray |
| hemi- | Half |
| -iasis | Abnormal condition, disease |
| ir/i , ir/o , irid/o , irit/o | iris, colored part of the eye, muscle surrounding the pupil |
| kerat/o | Horny, hard, cornea |
| labryrinth/o | Maze, labyrinth, the inner ear |
| -metry | To measure |
| myc/o | Fungus |
| mydri/o | Wide |
| myring/o , tympan/o | Tympanic membrane, eardrum |
| nyct/o , nyctal/o | Night |
| -opia | Vision condition |
| opt/i , opy/p , optic/o , ophthalm | Eye, vision |
| peri- | Surrounding, around |
| phac/o , phak/o | Lens of eye |
| phot/o | Light |
| pinn/i | External ear, auricle |
| -plasty | Surgical repair |
| presby/o | Old age |
| retin/o | Retina, net, posterior sensitive layer of the eye |
| -rrhea | Flow or discharge |
| scler/o | Sclera, white of eye, hard |
| strab/i | Squint, squint-eyed |
| tinnit/o | Ringing, buzzing, tinkling |
| trop/o | Turn, change |
| vertig/o | Whirling around |
| Amblyopia | Dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye |
| Ametropia | Any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina |
| Anesthetic Ophthalmic Solution | Medication used to induce anesthesia |
| Anisocoria | A condition in which the pupil are unequal in size |
| Antiglaucoma Drugs | Medications that prevent or alleviate glaucoma |
| Artificial Tears | Lubricant eye drops used to treat the dryness and irritation associated with deficient tear production |
| Assistive Listening Device (ALD) | A device that transmits, processes, or amplifies sound, and can be used with or without a hearing |
| Astigmatism | A condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea |
| Audiometry | The use of an audiometer to measure hearing acuity |
| Barotrauma | Pain or discomfort in the ear caused by pressure changes |
| Blepharoptosis ; ptosis | The drooping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis |
| Cataract (CAT) | The loss of transparency of the lens of the eye |
| Chalazion | A nodule or cyst, usually on the upper eyelid caused by obstruction of a sebaceous gland |
| Cochlear Implant | An electronic device that bypasses the damages portions of the ear an directly stimulated the auditory nerve |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually caused by an infection or allergy |
| Dacryoadenitis | An inflammation of the lacrimal gland that can be caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection |
| Decibel (dB) | Commonly used as the measurement of the loudness of sound |
| Diplopia | The perception of two images of a single object; double vision |
| Ectropion | The eversion of the edge of an eyelid |
| Emmetropia | The normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina |
| Entropion | The inversion of the edge of an eyelid |
| Esotropia | Abnormal condition of the eye in which one or both eyes deviates, or turns, inward |
| Eustachian Tube (ET) | Narrow tubes that lead from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and throat |
| Eustachitis | Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the tubes that lead from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and throat |
| Exotropia | Strabismus (abnormal alignment) characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other |
| Fluorescein Angiography (FA, FAG) | A radiographic study of the blood vessels in the retina of the eye following the intravenous injection of a fluorescein dye as a contrast medium |
| Glaucoma (G, glc) | A group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that causes damage to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fibers |
| Hemianopia | Blindness in one half of the visual field |
| Hertz (Hz) | A measure of sound frequency that determines how high or low a pitch is |
| Hordeolum | A pus-filled lesion on the eyelid resulting form an infection in a sebaceous gland |
| Hyperopia | A vision defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina; farsightedness |
| Infectious Myringitis | A contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum |
| Intraocular Lens (IOL) | A surgically implanted replacement for a natural lone that has been removed |
| Iridectomy | The surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris |
| Iritis | Inflammation of the urea primarily affecting structures in the front of the eye |
| Keratitis | Inflammation of the cornea |
| Labyrinthectomy | The surgical removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth |
| Labyrinthitis | Inflammation of the labyrinth that can result in vertigo and deafness |
| Laser Trabeculoplasty | Treatment of open-angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly |
| Macular Degeneration (MD) | A gradually progressive condition in which the macula at the center of the retina is damaged, resulting in the loose of central vision |
| Mastoidectomy | The surgical removal of mastoid cells |
| Miotic Drugs | Medication that constricts the pupil |
| Mydriasis | The dilation of the pupil |
| Mydriatic Drugs | Medication placed into the eyes to produce temporary paralysis forcing the pupils to remain wide open even in the presence of bright light |
| Myopia | A defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina; nearsightedness |
| Myringotomy | A small surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure from excess pus or liquid, or to create an opening for the placement of ear tubes |
| Nyctalopia | A condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficultly seeing at night |
| Nystagmus | An involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball |
| Ophthalmologist | A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating the full spectrum of diseases and disorders of the eyes |
| Ophthalmoscopy | The visual examination of the fundus of the eye with an ophthalmoscopy |
| Optometrist | A physician who provides eye care, including diagnosing eye diseases and conditions measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed |
| Otitis Media (OM) | Inflammation of the middle ear |
| Otomycosis | A fungal infection of the external auditory canal |
| Otopyorrhea | The flow of pus from the ear |
| Otorrhea | Any discharge from the ear |
| Otosclerosis | Ankylosing of the bones of the middle ear resulting in a conductive hearing loss |
| Otoscopy | The visual examination of the external ear canal and tympanic membrane |
| Papilledema | Swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through the optic disk |
| Periorbital Edema | Swelling of the tissues surrounding the eye or eyes; pertaining to swelling around the eyeball |
| Photophobia | Excessive sensitivity to light |
| Presbycusis | A gradual sensorineural hearing loss that occurs as the body ages |
| Presbyopia | Condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging; vision condition of the eye that occurs with aging |
| Radial Keratotomy (RK) | A surgical procedure to treat nearsightedness |
| Retinal Detachment (RD) | The separation of all of the light sensitive retina from the choroid |
| Retinopexy | Treatment to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment |
| Scleritis | Inflammation of the sclera of the eye |
| Sensorineural Hearing Loss | Hearing loss that develops when the auditory nerve or had cells int the inner ear are damaged |
| Serous Otitis Media (SOM) | A fluid buildup in the middle ear without symptoms of an infection |
| Slit-lamp (slit lamp) Examination (SLE) | A diagnostic procedure in which a narrow beam of light is focused to permit the ophthalmologist to examine the structures at the front of the eye including the cornea, iris, and lens |
| Stapedectomy | The surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and the insertion of a prosthetic device the conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear |
| Strabismus | A disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together |
| Tarsorrhaphy | The partial or complete suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids |
| Tinnitus | A condition of ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears |
| Tonometry | The measurement of intraocular pressure |
| Tympanic Membrane (TM) | Located between the outer and middle ear |
| Tympanometry | The use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear |
| Tympanostomy Tubes (TT) | Tiny ventilating tubes places through the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluid and to relieve pressure that can build up after childhood ear infection |
| Vertigo | A sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance, often combine with nausea and vomiting |
| Visual Acuity (VA) | The ability to distinguish object details and shape at a distance |
| Visual Field (VF) | A diagnostic test to determine losses in peripheral vision |
| Vitrectomy | The removal of the vitreous humor and its replacement with a clear solution |
| Xerophthalmia | Drying of eye surfaces, including the conjuctiva |
Created by:
Jensen20