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Consumer Behavior

Chapter 11

QuestionAnswer
Social Influence Info by and implicit or explicit pressures from individuals, groups, and the mass media that affects how a person behaves
Marketing source Influence delivered from a marketing agent, i.e. advertising, personal selling
Nonmarketing source Influence delivered from an entity outside a marketing organization, i.e. friends, family, media
Word of mouth Influence delivered verbally from one person to another person or group of people
How to sources differ? (3) Reach Capacity for two-way communication Credibility
Use _________ _______ to enhance credibility Nonmarketing sources
Use _________ _______ to enhance two-way communication Personal sources
Use a _____ ___ _________ to enhance impact Mix of sources
Opinion leaders Individual who acts as an information broker between the mass media and the opinions and behaviors of an individual or group
Gatekeeper A source that controls the flow of information
Opinion leaders characteristics (3) 1) Learn a lot about products 2) Heavy users of mass media 3) Tend to buy new products when first introduced
Market maven A consumer on whom others rely for information about the marketplace in general
Three types of reference groups: 1) Aspirational Reference Group 2) Associative Reference Group 3) Dissociative Reference Group
Brand Community Specialized group of consumers with a structured set of relationships involving a brand, customers of that brand, and the product in use
Aspirational Reference Group A group that we admire and desire to be like
Associative Reference Group A group to which we currently belong
Dissociative Reference Group A group we do not want to emulate
Implications of reference groups (4) 1) Associate products with aspirational reference groups 2) Accurately represent associative reference groups 3) Help to develop brand communities 4) Avoid using dissociative reference groups
Characteristics of Reference Groups (7) 1) Degree of contact 2) Formality 3) Homophily (similarity) 4) Attractiveness 5) Density 6) Degree of Identification 7) Tie groups
Primary reference group Group with whom we have physical face-to-face interaction
Secondary reference group Group with whom we do not have direct contact
Homophily Overall similarity among members in the social system
Dense groups are those in which group members ____ _____ _____ _____ all know each other
Tie-strength The extent to which a close, intimate relationship connects people
Embedded market Market in which the social relationships among buyers and sellers change the way the market operates
Consumer socialization The process by which we learn to become consumers
Intergenerational influence Information, beliefs, and resources being transmitted from one generation to another
Norm Collective decision about what constitutes appropriate behavior
Brand choice congruence The purchase of the same brand as members of a group; a type of conformity
Conformity The tendency to behave in an expected way
Compliance Doing what the group or social influencer asks
Reactance During the opposite of what the individual or group wants us to do
Social Relational Theory: Consumers conduct social interactions according to (4) 1) Rights/resp. of their relationship w/ group members 2) Balance of reciprocal actions w/ group members 3) Relative status/authority 4) Value placed on different objects and activities
Created by: 1456143651
 

 



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