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Lesson 6 - Chapter 8
Moving and Doing
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the three principles of sensorimotor function | 1. sensorimotor system is hierarchically organized 2. motor output is guided by sensory input +subconsciously monitored by the lower level of the hierarchy 3. learning can change the nature and the locus of sensorimotor control |
| hierarchically organized | operation of sensorimotor motor system is organized this way. highest level - association cortex lowest level - muscles |
| functional segregation | each levle of the sensorimotor hierarchy tends to be composed of different units (neural structures), eachof which performs a diferent function. |
| the sensorimotor system's organization style | *parallel hierarchy *functionally segregated *info flows down the hierarchy |
| sensory feedback | information fed back into sensorimotor circuits by the eyes, the organs of balance, and the receptors in skin, muscles, and joints- as they monitor the body's responses. |
| ballistic movements | only responses not influenced by sensory feedback. brief- all-or-none, high-speed movements, such as swatting a fly. |
| 3. Learning changes the nature and locus of sensorimotor control: | sensorimotor learning shifts motor control from the conscious to the subconscious |
| sensorimotor learning | the organization of individual responses into continuous motor programs and the transfer of their control to lower levels of the nervous system. occurs over time as the motor responses go from conscious- with practice- to subconscious. |
| sensorimotor skills | typing, swimming, knitting, basketball playing, dancing, piano playing |
| posterior parietal association cortex | located posterior to the primary somatosensory cortex *integrates original position of body parts to be moved for the nervous sys. *integrates positions of any external objects with which the body is going to interact *role in directing attention |
| primary motor cortex - location | located in the frontal cortex |
| primary motor cortex - function | |
| From highest to lowest, list the levels of the sensorimotor system | 1- association cortex, 2- secondary motor cortex, 3- primary motor cortex, 4- brain stem motor nuclei; 5- spinal motor circuits; ASBPS |
| Apraxia | disorder of voluntary movement caused by damage to the posterior pareital association cortex |
| Contralateral neglect | disturbance of a patiebnt's ability to respond to stimuli on the side of the body opposite to the side of the brain lesion in the absence of any preexisting deficits in sensory / motor. |
| Frontal Eye Space | small area of prefrontal cortex that controls eye movements. damage to the posterior pareital association cortex can effect its ability to control eye movement. |
| Posterior Pareital Association Cortex - role | plays an important role in integrating two kinds of information needed to initiate bodily movement, also plays an important role in directing attention |
| Posterior Pareital Association Cortex - location | the portion of the parietal neocortex posterior to the primary somatosensory cortex |
| primary motor cortex - location | is located in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe. |
| primary motor cortex - function | *plays a major role in initiating body movements. *route that neural signals follow from a given area of the PMC is extremely plastic and presumably determined by somatosensory feedback at any given time |
| secondary motor cortex - location | located on the lateral surface of the frontal lobe, anterior to the primary motor cortex |
| secondary motor cortex - divisions | supplemental motor area, premotor cortex |
| supplemental motor area - function |
Created by:
eowen833