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EN EMT chapter 18
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acidosis | A pathologic condition that results from the accumulation of acids in the body |
| aplastic crisis | A condition in which the body stops producing red blood cells; typically caused by infection |
| diabetes mellitus | A metabolic disorder in which the ability to metabolize carbohydrates (sugars) is impaired, usually because of a lack of insulin. |
| diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) | A form of hyperglycemia in uncontrolled diabetes in which certain acids accumulate when insulin is not available. |
| endocrine glands | Glands that secrete or release chemicals that are used inside the body. |
| endocrine system | The complex message and control system that integrates many body functions, including the release of hormones. |
| glucose | One of the basic sugars; it is the primary fuel, in conjunction with oxygen, for cellular metabolism. |
| hematology | The study and prevention of blood-related disorders. |
| hemolytic crisis | A rapid destruction of red blood cells that occurs faster than the body's ability to create new cells. |
| hemophilia | A congenital abnormality in which the body is unable to produce clots, which results in uncontrollable bleeding. |
| hormones | Substances formed in specialized organs or glands and carried to another organ or group of cells in the same organism. Hormones regulate many body functions, including metabolism, growth, and body temperature. |
| hyperglycemia | An abnormally high glucose level in the blood. |
| hyperglycemia crisis | A state of unconsciousness resulting from several problems, including ketoacidosis, dehydration because of excessive urination, and hyperglycemia. |
| hypoglycemia | A condition characterized by a low blood glucose level. |
| hypoglycemia crisis | Severe hypoglycemia resulting in changes in mental status. |
| insulin | A hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans (endocrine gland located throughout the pancreas) that enables glucose in the blood to enter cells; used in synthetic form to treat and control diabetes mellitus. |
| Kussmaul respirations | Deep, rapid breathing; usually the result of an accumulation of certain acids when insulin is not available in the body. |
| polydipsia | Excessive thirst that persists for long periods, despite reasonable fluid intake; often the result of excessive urination. |
| polyphagia | Excessive eating; in diabetes, the inability to use glucose properly can cause a sense of hunger. |
| polyuria | The passage of an unusually large volume of urine in a given period; in diabetes, this can result from the wasting of glucose in the urine. |
| sickle cell disease | A hereditary disease that causes normal, round red blood cells to become oblong, or sickle shaped. |
| splenic sequestration crisis | An acute, painful enlargement of the spleen caused by sickle cell disease. |
| thrombophilia | A tendency toward the development of blood clots as a result of an abnormality of the system of coagulation. |
| thrombosis | A blood clot, either in the arterial or venous system. |
| type 1 diabetes | The type of diabetic disease that typically develops in childhood and requires synthetic insulin for proper treatment and control. |
| type 2 diabetes | The type of diabetic disease that typically develops in later life and often can be controlled through diet and oral medications. |
| vaso-occlusive crisis | Ischemia and pain caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct blood flow to a portion of the body. |
Created by:
EmmaleeNorthern