Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch. 2
Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define the Law of Conservation of Energy | Energy is neither created nor destroyed in a system |
| Define Matter | Matter is anything that has mass and volume |
| Dyes and ink mixtures can be separated by what procedure? | Chromatography |
| Definition of a calorie | The amount of energy needed to raise 1g. of water 1 degree Celsius |
| Define Absolute Zero | The point at which all molecular motion stops |
| Flammability corresponds to what type of property? | Chemical (burning something changes identity of a substance... so it is a chemical change) |
| What makes elements and compounds pure? | Elements and compounds have unique sets of characteristics and properties (chemical and physical) |
| This kind of property changes an item: | Chemical |
| How is filtration different from distillation? | Filtration: between a solid and liquid to separate, generally for a heterogenous mixturedistillation: uses boiling points between two liquids, generally to separate homogenous mixtures |
| What is the conversion formular to go from Kelvin to Celsius? | K = C + 273(C = K - 273)... Kalvin doesn't have negative |
| What is the SI unit for energy? | Joule |
| 2 or more elemets of a fixed proportion are known as what? | compounds |
| the characteristic that doesn't alter the identity of a substance is... | Physical characteristic (/change) |
| What are the three basic forms of energy? | potential, kinetic and radiant |
| Sea water is a mixture of what type? | Homogenous |
| What ist eh elemenet of the symbol Es? | Einsteinium |
| 0 on the Kelvin scale is corerspondant to what degree Celsius? | -273 C |
| What form of matter holds its shape? | solid |
| What is a substance that can't be broken down any further? | Element |
| One degree change in Kelvin = to what degree change in Celsius? | 1 degree |
| Define heterogeneous mixture: | Heterogeneous: mixture of two substances with visibly different parts |
| What is energy? | The capacity to do work and produce heat |
| A blend of two or more pure substances is what? | mixture |
| the SI unit for temp. is what? | Kelvin |
| 1 cal = ? Joule(s) | 1 cal = 4.184 Joules |
| 1 Cal - ? cal (s) | 1 Cal = 1000 cal |
| Potenital Energy? | stored energy |
| three types of potential energy? | 1.) gravitational (rock on a hill)2.) electrical 3.) chemical (food, gas in a car tank) |
| Radiant Energy? | Energy of sunlight |
| Kinetic Energy? | Energy of motion |
| three ways matter and energy are related: | 1.) use energy to move matter.2.) convert matter into energy (food to energy)3.) Use temp. scales to measure energy changes in matter3.) use |
| Energy can come in: | heat, light and sound |
| Work | Capacity to move object (versus force) |
| what calorie is measured on food lables? | KCal of Cal (not calorie) |
| Temperature | Kinetic energy of matter |
| Who invented first thermometer? | Galielio |
| Conversion from Farenheit to Celsius | C = (F-32)5/9 |
| 20 Celius = ? Farheinheit? | 20 = (F-32)5/9 1.) divide by 5/9 --> 36 = F-32.2.) add 32 to both sides --> answer: 68 Farhenheit |
| absolute zero? | point at which motion of particles ceases |
| absolute zero of Celius | -273 C |
| absolute zero of Kelvins? | 0 K |
| Absolute zero of Farheinheit? | -32 F |
| Matter | amount of material in an object |
| Volume | amount of space object occupies |
| characteristics of matter | solid, liquid, gas and plasma |
| solid | holds shape and has definite volume; high density, pressure has little effect on it |
| liquid | doesn't hold shape but definite volume; high density, pressure has little effect on it |
| gas | no definite shape or volume; density deponds on pressure, low density |
| plasma | high temp, atoms ionized |
| physical properties of matter | characteristic of a substance that can be measured/observed without changing identity (tearing, ripping, boiling) |
| chemical properties of matter | can't be observed without changing its identity (burning, rust, cooking) |
| elements | substances that can't be separated into simpler substances by a chemical reaction |
| compounds | two or more elements combined during a chemical reaction in a fixed proportion (e.g.: H20) |
| pure substances | (can be elements or compounds) a substance that has a unique set of chemical and physical properties |
| heterogenous | visibily different parts (choc. chip cookie) |
| how can a heterogenous mixture be separated? | filtration |
| homogenous | non-visbile different parts (air, sewater) |
| how can homogenous mixtures be separated? | crystallization, chromatography, distillation |
| distillation | separates liquids due to different boiling points |
| crystallization | e.g. seawater to evaporate partially to form salt crystals, gemstones formed years ago from cooling planet |
| chromatography | separation by allowing substances to flow along a stationary substances (e.g: ink pigments on a piece of paper separating) |
| changes in matter = | changes in energy |
| ______ is the capacity to do work or to produce heat | energy |
| sunlight is an example of _______ energy | radiant |
| the gasoline in a car is an example of __________ energy | chemical potential |
| the SI unite of energy is the _______ | joule |
| the three main fossil fuels that supply 90% of our energy requirements are ? | coal, petroleum and natural gas |
| what transformation is burning gas to drive a car? | chemical to thermal to mechanical |
| what transformation is friction? | mechanical to heat |
| what transformation is photosynthesis? | light to chemical |
| what transformation is an electric mixer? | electrical to mechanical |
| what transformation is a steam turbine to make electricity? | thermal to mechanical to electrical |
| what transformation is a flashlight? | chemical to electrical to light |
| 15 Celsius = ? Kelvin | 288 Kelvin |
| 380 Kelvin = ? Celsius | 107 Celsius |
| Farhenheight to celsius | F = 9/5Celsius + 32 |
| 20 kcal added to 100g water at 50 degrees celsius... what would be the new temp of the water? (in celsius) | 20 kcal = (2000 cal/100g) = 200 cal + 50 Celsius = 250 degrees celsius |
| water boiling = what kind of change | physical |
| iron rusting = what kind of change | chemical |
| butter melting = what kind of change | physical |
| alcohol evaporating = what kind of change | physical |
| wood rotting = what kind of change | chemical |
| leaves changing color = what kind of change | chemical |
| glass breaking = what kind of change | physical |
| mowing the lawn = what kind of change | physical |
| magnetizing a nail = what kind of change | physical |
| baking a cake = what kind of change | chemical |
| _____ cannot be separated by physical or chemical means | elements |
| elements are abbreviated with _____, which consist of one or two _______. | symbols, letter |
| elements are organized on the _________ | periodic table |
| carbon is an example of a carbon and ______ is an example of a compound | carbon dioxide |
| elements and compounds are called ______ substances because they have a unique set of chemical and phsyical _________. | pure, properties |
| carbon is a what | element |
| water is what | compound |
| aluminium foil is what | element |
| plastic is what | compound |
| tin is what | element |
| silicone dioxide is what | compound |
| carbon dioxide is what | compound |
| helium is what | element |
| arsenic is what | element |
| sodium chloride is what | compound |
| alphabet soup = what kind of mixture? | heterogenous |
| salt = what kind of mixture? | pure |
| vegetable oil = what kind of mixture? | pure |
| air = what kind of mixture? | homogenous |
| seawater = what kind of mixture? | homogenous |
| granite = what kind of mixture? | heterogenous |
| steel = what kind of mixture? | homogenous |
| sugar = what kind of mixture? | sugar |
| heterogenous mixtures are often separated by _____ | filtration |
| separating sand from water can be done by ____ | filtration |
| sugar in sugar water can be separated by ___ | crystallization |
| the separation technique that takes advantage of different boiling points is called_________ | distillation |
| removing chlorophyll pigment from leaves might be done by __________ | chromatography |
| the best way to decompose water into oxygen and hydrogen is by ____________ | electrolysis |
| crude oil is broken down by heat, vaporized and allowed to condense into various liquids such as gasolie. this process is called _____ | distillation |
| why is every solution a micture, but not ever mixture a solution? | a solition is homogenous, meaning every solution is a micture, but becasue there is also heterogenous mixtures, not all mictures are solutions |
| examples of mixtures that appear homogenous but actually are heterogenous | salad dressing : shaken = homo, let sit = hetero |
| what is a centrifuge? | a tool to separate mixtures using gravity |
Created by:
llcrys
Popular Chemistry sets