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Stack #1512621
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the state of the atmosphere at a particular place at a particular moment | weather |
| the long-term prevailing weather conditions at a particular place based upon records taken | climate |
| Climate is determined by | latitude, atmospheric circulation patterns, oceanic circulation patterns, the local geography of an area, solar activity, volcanic activity and distance from the equator (most important) |
| the distance from the equator measured in degrees north or south of the equater | latitude |
| the equator is located at ______ | 0 degrees latitude |
| the most northerly latitude | North pole (90 degrees north) |
| most southerly latitude | South pole (90 degrees south) |
| Latitude strongly influences climate because _________ | the amount of solar energy an area of Earth receives depends on its latitude |
| solar energy falls on areas near ______ than _________ | equator; areas closer to the poles |
| in regions near the equator, night and day are both about ___ hours long throughout the year and temperatures are high year-round, which means there are________ | 12; no summers or winters |
| movement of air within the atmosphere | wind |
| areas near the equator receive small/large amounts of rain | large |
| winds that blow predominantly in one direction throughout the year | prevailing winds |
| because of the rotation of the earth, prevailing winds _________ | do not blow directly northward or southward |
| belts of prevailing winds produced in both hemispheres between 30 degrees north and south latitude of the equator. | trade winds |
| prevailing winds known as the _________ are produced between 30 degrees and 60 degrees north latitude and 30 degrees and 60 degrees south latitude | westerlies |
| ocean currents have a great effect on climate because ________ | water holds large amounts of heat |
| the movement of surface ocean currents is caused mostly by _______ | winds and the rotation of the Earth |
| _______ is the name given to the short-term periodic change in the location of warm and cold water masses in the Pacific Ocean. | El Nino |
| during the ________ the water in the eastern Pacific Ocean is cooler than usual | La Nina |
| the earth is similar to a _______ | greenhouse |
| the gases that do absorb and radiate heat are ________ | greenhouse gases |
| major greenhouse gases | water vapor, carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, methane, and nitrous oxide. |
| _____ and ______ account for most of the absorption of heat that occurs in the atmosphere | water vapor; carbon dioxide |
| in 1958, a geochemist named ________ installed an instrument at the top of a tall tower on the volcano Mauna Loa in Hawaii. He wanted to precisely measure the amount of carbon dioxide in the air | Charles David Keeling |
| In a forest, carbon dioxide in the air ___________ | rise and fall with daily rhythms of photosynthesis. |
| Carbon dioxide levels ________ in the summer and ____ in the winter because during the summer, ________________ and during the winter ____________ | decrease; increase; growing plants use more carbon dioxide for photosynthesis than they release in respiration; dying grasses and fallen leaves decay and release the carbon that was stored in them during the summer |
Created by:
emilyily