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Ch 11
Mixtures, compounds, pH
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Solution | Mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute and has the same properties throughout. |
homogeneous | Mixture where particles are the same size and often cannot be seen. |
Solvent | The part of the solution usually present in the largest amount. It dissolves the other substances. |
Solute | The substance that is dissolved by the solvent. Can be gases, liquids or solids. |
Colloid | Mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out. Particles can be seen with a microscope. |
Suspension | Mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration. |
Dilute Solution | A mixture that has only a little solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent. |
Concentrated Solution | A mixture that has a lot of solute dissolved in the solvent. |
Solubility | A measure of how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature. |
Saturated Solution | When you’ve added so much solute to a solvent that no more dissolves. |
Acid | Compounds with specific characteristics. Reacts with metals and carbonates, tastes sour, and turns blue litmus paper red. |
Corrosive | The way in which some acids react with some metals as to wear away the metal. |
Indicator | A compound that changes color when it comes in contact with an acid or a base. |
Base | A substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue. |
Hydrogen Ion (H⁺) | A positively charged ion (H⁺) formed of a hydrogen atom that has lost its electron. |
Hydroxide Ion (OH⁻) | A negatively charged ion mad of oxygen and hydrogen (OH⁻) |
pH Scale | A scale used to determine the strength of an acid or a base. It ranges from 0 to 14 and expressed the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. |
Neutralization | A reaction of an acid with a base, yielding a solution that is not as acidic or basic as the starting solutions were. |
Salt | An ionic compound made from the neutralization of an acid with a base. |
heterogeneous | mixture where particles have various sizes that can often be seen |