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Wearthing
weathering and erosion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface. | weathering |
| the removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity. | erosion |
| This principle states that the same processes that operate today operated in the past | uniformitarianism |
| The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces | mechanical weathering |
| the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity. | abrasion |
| Water seeps into cracks in rocks and then freezes when the temperature drops causing rock to break. | ice wedging |
| process that breaks down rock through chemical changes | chemical weathering |
| Iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water | oxidation |
| a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it. | permeable |
| loose, weathered material on Earth’s surface in which plants can grow. | soil |
| solid layer of rock beneath the soil. | bedrock |
| a dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay | humus |
| measure of how well the soil supports plant growth. | fertility |
| Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt | loam |
| layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it. | soil horizon |
| a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals | topsoil |
| usually consists of clay and other particles washed down from the A horizon, but little humus | subsoil |
| As plants shed leaves, they form a loose layer | litter |
| organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals. | decomposition |
| thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil | sod |
| anything in the environment that humans use | natural resource |
| Area of Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, and New Mexico during the 1930's that had large amounts of soil erosion. | Dust Bowl |
| management of soil to prevent its destruction. | Soil conservation |
| farmers plow their fields along the curves of a slope | Contour Plowing |
| Dead weeds and stalks of the previous year’s crop are left in the ground to help return soil nutrients, retain moisture, and hold soil in place | conservation plowing |
| a farmer plants different crops in a field each year. | crop rotation |
| occurs where the agents of erosion, deposit, or lay down, sediment. | deposition |
Created by:
MrCscience