A diamond grading system provides A. exact diamond market value to a buyer. B. a consistent way to communicate diamond quality. C. assurance customers are getting the best prices. D. diamond descriptions that can change from country to country.

B. a consistent way to communicate diamond quality.

Diamond prices on wholesale price lists A. are not negotiable. B. reflect a worldwide consensus. C. are available free on the Internet. D. depend on the market conditions that exist when the lists are published.

D. depend on the market conditions that exist when the lists are published.

Large, high-quality diamonds are A. sorted rather than graded. B. usually graded in their mountings. C. graded with a quick look under a loupe. D. graded much more thoroughly than small, low-quality ones.

D. graded much more thoroughly than small, low-quality ones.

Diamond’s supreme hardness and durability are A. due to diamond’s rarity. B. a result of the conditions under which it formed. C. surpassed by laboratory-grown diamond substitutes. D. a result of millions of years of battering by the forces of nature.

B. a result of the conditions under which it formed.

Once diamond deposits are located, mining companies A. begin extracting diamonds. B. recover cost of exploration within the 1st year. C. are exempt from taxes & environmental regulations. D. must spend more time and money to evaluate and develop them.

D. must spend more time and money to evaluate and develop them.

The most consistent and dependable sources of diamond grades are A. appraisers. B. wholesalers. C. mining experts. D. reputable gemological laboratories.

D. reputable gemological laboratories.

Substantial price discounts are available to retailers and jewelry manufacturers who A. travel to diamond mines. B. can buy in large quantities. C. buy small quantities every month. D. always buy from the same supplier.

B. can buy in large quantities.

Reputable gemological laboratories don’t grade mounted diamonds because A. it's too time consuming. B. their insurance policies don’t permit it. C. mountings hide details of clarity & cut. D. designs of the mountings might influence their decisions.

C. mountings hide details of clarity & cut.

The diamond industry has changed in recent years b/c A. demand for finished diamonds has decreased. B. world supply of diamond rough has increased. C. world supply of diamond rough has decreased. D. env. regulations caused many mines to shut down.

B. world supply of diamond rough has increased.

The Argyle mine in Australia contributed to A. an economic slowdown in Australia. B. the rise of the cutting industry in India. C. the decline of production in South Africa. D. the rise of the cutting industry in Australia.

B. the rise of the cutting industry in India.

Wholesale price lists are usually organized according to A. recent auction prices. B. traditional jewelry-buying seasons. C. specific combinations of the Four Cs. D. sales at major diamond-trading centers.

C. specific combinations of the Four Cs.

The Central Selling Organisation was a A. diamond mining company. B. major diamond manufacturer. C. rough diamond distribution agency. D. diamond industry public relations service.

C. rough diamond distribution agency.

The South African diamond rush was sparked by A. the arrival of Cecil Rhodes. B. political changes in Great Britain. C. reduced supply of Indian diamonds. D. the discovery of the Star of South Africa.

D. the discovery of the Star of South Africa.

De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. was named after A. the president of S. Africa. B. the man who found the Eureka Diamond. C. the district where the Star of S. Africa was found. D. the owners of a farm where one of the first diamond rushes took place.

D. the owners of a farm where one of the first diamond rushes took place.

Oppenheimer’s answer to low diamond demand in the 1930s was to A. advertise heavily. B. reduce diamond prices. C. shut down operations at De Beers mines. D. stop buying diamonds from outside sources.

C. shut down operations at De Beers mines.

The Diamond Information Center and the Diamond Promotion Service were created to A. assist in diamond marketing efforts. B. raise funds for diamond exploration. C. lobby for increased diamond mining. D. train diamond cutters and manufacturers.

A. assist in diamond marketing efforts.

Sightholders purchase diamond rough by A. going directly to the mines. B. attending invitation-only trading events. C. selecting from lists sent out by De Beers. D. contacting other sightholders in their area

B. attending invitation-only trading events.

De Beers requires sightholders to have an excellent reputation & A. a history of strong advertising. B. ability to cut various types of rough. C. ownership of many retail stores. D. the financial strength to make large purchase commitments.

D. the financial strength to make large purchase commitments.

In the diamond trade, the word “specials” refers to A. annual diamond sales events. B. parcels of 5-ct. to 8-ct. rough. C. diamond rough over 10.80 cts. D. discounted selections of rough diamonds.

C. diamond rough over 10.80 cts.

One of the changes that resulted from De Beers’ strategic review in 1999 was that De Beers A. stopped advertising diamonds. B. doubled its advertising budget. C. discontinued its sightholder program. D. changed the name of the CSO to the DTC.

D. changed the name of the CSO to the DTC.

In 2000, De Beers altered its consumer advertising by A. doubling its advertising budget. B. changing its advertising agency. C. introducing the “Forevermark” logo. D. discouraging dealers from doing their own advertising.

C. introducing the “Forevermark” logo.

B/C Australians believed CSO’s marketing favored large stones, they A. abandoned diamond mining. B. discarded small, brown diamonds. C. turned to India for help marketing diamonds. D. aggressively promoted jewelry set with their own tiny gems.

D. aggressively promoted jewelry set with their own tiny gems.

A bourse is a(n) A. agreement to buy on credit. B. diamond buying and selling club. C. financial arrangement between miners and cutters. D. disclosure that a parcel of diamonds has been treated.

B. diamond buying and selling club

How far beneath the earth’s surface do diamonds form? A. 15 to 30 miles (25 to 50 km) B. 30 to 50 miles (50 to 75 km) C. 50 to 90 miles (75 to 140 km) D. 90 to 120 miles (140 to 190 km)

D. 90 to 120 miles (140 to 190 km)

Most of the world’s kimberlite pipes A. are located close to large cities. B. are being mined for diamonds at the present. C. do not contain diamonds in profitable quantities. D. are believed to contain great quantities of diamonds.

C. do not contain diamonds in profitable quantities.

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GIA Diamond QA

Review Questions & Answers

Question	Answer
A diamond grading system provides A. exact diamond market value to a buyer. B. a consistent way to communicate diamond quality. C. assurance customers are getting the best prices. D. diamond descriptions that can change from country to country.	B. a consistent way to communicate diamond quality.
A wholesaler is someone who: A. sells to retailers. B. repairs diamond jewelry. C. grows synthetic diamonds. D. sells directly to consumers.	A. sells to retailers.
Diamond prices on wholesale price lists A. are not negotiable. B. reflect a worldwide consensus. C. are available free on the Internet. D. depend on the market conditions that exist when the lists are published.	D. depend on the market conditions that exist when the lists are published.
Large, high-quality diamonds are A. sorted rather than graded. B. usually graded in their mountings. C. graded with a quick look under a loupe. D. graded much more thoroughly than small, low-quality ones.	D. graded much more thoroughly than small, low-quality ones.
Diamond’s supreme hardness and durability are A. due to diamond’s rarity. B. a result of the conditions under which it formed. C. surpassed by laboratory-grown diamond substitutes. D. a result of millions of years of battering by the forces of nature.	B. a result of the conditions under which it formed.
Once diamond deposits are located, mining companies A. begin extracting diamonds. B. recover cost of exploration within the 1st year. C. are exempt from taxes & environmental regulations. D. must spend more time and money to evaluate and develop them.	D. must spend more time and money to evaluate and develop them.
An estimation of the value of an article is a(n) A. grade. B. appraisal. C. price guide. D. insurance policy.	B. appraisal.
The most consistent and dependable sources of diamond grades are A. appraisers. B. wholesalers. C. mining experts. D. reputable gemological laboratories.	D. reputable gemological laboratories.
Substantial price discounts are available to retailers and jewelry manufacturers who A. travel to diamond mines. B. can buy in large quantities. C. buy small quantities every month. D. always buy from the same supplier.	B. can buy in large quantities.
A diamond’s clarity and color grades indicate its A. quality. B. popularity. C. retail price. D. wholesale price.	A. quality.
Reputable gemological laboratories don’t grade mounted diamonds because A. it's too time consuming. B. their insurance policies don’t permit it. C. mountings hide details of clarity & cut. D. designs of the mountings might influence their decisions.	C. mountings hide details of clarity & cut.
Dealers often sort melee by size using A. scales. B. sieves. C. templates. D. millimeter gauges.	B. sieves.
The diamond industry has changed in recent years b/c A. demand for finished diamonds has decreased. B. world supply of diamond rough has increased. C. world supply of diamond rough has decreased. D. env. regulations caused many mines to shut down.	B. world supply of diamond rough has increased.
The Argyle mine in Australia contributed to A. an economic slowdown in Australia. B. the rise of the cutting industry in India. C. the decline of production in South Africa. D. the rise of the cutting industry in Australia.	B. the rise of the cutting industry in India.
Wholesale price lists are usually organized according to A. recent auction prices. B. traditional jewelry-buying seasons. C. specific combinations of the Four Cs. D. sales at major diamond-trading centers.	C. specific combinations of the Four Cs.
Before the discovery of South Africa’s diamond deposits, the world’s two major producers were India and A. Brazil. B. Russia. C. Australia. D. Venezuela.	A. Brazil.
Diamond sources started appearing in South Africa during the A. 1740s. B. 1820s. C. 1860s. D. 1910s.	C. 1860s.
The Central Selling Organisation was a A. diamond mining company. B. major diamond manufacturer. C. rough diamond distribution agency. D. diamond industry public relations service.	C. rough diamond distribution agency.
The South African diamond rush was sparked by A. the arrival of Cecil Rhodes. B. political changes in Great Britain. C. reduced supply of Indian diamonds. D. the discovery of the Star of South Africa.	D. the discovery of the Star of South Africa.
The soft, diamond-bearing material near the surface of a diamond field was named A. blueground. B. easyground. C. yellowground. D. shallowground.	C. yellowground.
Cecil Rhodes’ main competitor in his early attempts to control diamond production was A. Barney Barnato. B. Ernest Oppenheimer. C. the Diamond Trading Company. D. an independent diggers’ association.	A. Barney Barnato.
Who established De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. in 1888? A. Cecil Rhodes B. Barney Barnato C. Harry Oppenheimer D. A Dutch farmer named De Beers	A. Cecil Rhodes
De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. was named after A. the president of S. Africa. B. the man who found the Eureka Diamond. C. the district where the Star of S. Africa was found. D. the owners of a farm where one of the first diamond rushes took place.	D. the owners of a farm where one of the first diamond rushes took place.
The group that united in 1890 to buy and sell all of the output of the major diamond producers, including De Beers, was the A. French Company. B. Dutch East India Company. C. Diamond Trading Company. D. London Diamond Syndicate.	D. London Diamond Syndicate.
Oppenheimer’s answer to low diamond demand in the 1930s was to A. advertise heavily. B. reduce diamond prices. C. shut down operations at De Beers mines. D. stop buying diamonds from outside sources.	C. shut down operations at De Beers mines.
The Diamond Information Center and the Diamond Promotion Service were created to A. assist in diamond marketing efforts. B. raise funds for diamond exploration. C. lobby for increased diamond mining. D. train diamond cutters and manufacturers.	A. assist in diamond marketing efforts.
The path diamonds followed from mine to consumer was called the A. retail route. B. sight system. C. diamond track. D. diamond pipeline.	D. diamond pipeline.
Sightholders purchase diamond rough by A. going directly to the mines. B. attending invitation-only trading events. C. selecting from lists sent out by De Beers. D. contacting other sightholders in their area	B. attending invitation-only trading events.
De Beers requires sightholders to have an excellent reputation & A. a history of strong advertising. B. ability to cut various types of rough. C. ownership of many retail stores. D. the financial strength to make large purchase commitments.	D. the financial strength to make large purchase commitments.
In the diamond trade, the word “specials” refers to A. annual diamond sales events. B. parcels of 5-ct. to 8-ct. rough. C. diamond rough over 10.80 cts. D. discounted selections of rough diamonds.	C. diamond rough over 10.80 cts.
Which diamond mine’s huge production influenced the world market in the late 1980s? A. Ekati B. Argyle C. Jwaneng D. Kimberley	B. Argyle
A commitment to reserve a portion of the resources derived from any country for the economic development of that country is called A. integration. B. beneficiation. C. Best Practices. D. the Kimberley Process.	B. beneficiation.
A city, region, or country with a large number of gemstone manufacturers is called a A. trade center. B. market center. C. cutting center. D. business center.	C. cutting center.
One of the changes that resulted from De Beers’ strategic review in 1999 was that De Beers A. stopped advertising diamonds. B. doubled its advertising budget. C. discontinued its sightholder program. D. changed the name of the CSO to the DTC.	D. changed the name of the CSO to the DTC.
In 2000, De Beers altered its consumer advertising by A. doubling its advertising budget. B. changing its advertising agency. C. introducing the “Forevermark” logo. D. discouraging dealers from doing their own advertising.	C. introducing the “Forevermark” logo.
Businesses that sell to consumers via television cable, phone line, or satellite are called A. electronic retailers. B. suppliers of choice. C. digital diamond dealers. D. vertically integrated marketers.	A. electronic retailers.
The diamond industry program designed to ensure that diamonds don't fund civil conflict or terrorism is called, A. integration. B. beneficiation. C. Best Practices. D. the Kimberley Process.	D. the Kimberley Process.
De Beers became a privately owned company in A. May 2001. B. June 2003. C. May 2005. D. December 2007.	A. May 2001.
Vast quantities of small, inexpensive diamonds suitable for low-cost, mass-market jewelry are mined in A. India. B. Russia. C. Canada. D. Australia.	D. Australia.
The involvement of a business or industry in all aspects of its product’s market is called A. best practices. B. blanket marketing. C. electronic retailing. D. vertical integration.	D. vertical integration.
By 2004, more than 90 percent of manufacturing for the diamond market was done in A. India. B. Israel. C. China. D. South Africa.	A. India.
The program adopted by De Beers in 2007 to answer critics and resolve shortcomings of its SOC program is called A. Beneficiation. B. Kimberley Practices. C. Supplier of Choice 2. D. Best Practices Principles.	C. Supplier of Choice 2.
In South Africa, a new mining charter that designates the people of the country as the owners of its mineral resources is a result of A. apartheid. B. beneficiation. C. vertical integration. D. Black Economic Empowerment.	D. Black Economic Empowerment.
B/C Australians believed CSO’s marketing favored large stones, they A. abandoned diamond mining. B. discarded small, brown diamonds. C. turned to India for help marketing diamonds. D. aggressively promoted jewelry set with their own tiny gems.	D. aggressively promoted jewelry set with their own tiny gems.
A bourse is a(n) A. agreement to buy on credit. B. diamond buying and selling club. C. financial arrangement between miners and cutters. D. disclosure that a parcel of diamonds has been treated.	B. diamond buying and selling club
How far beneath the earth’s surface do diamonds form? A. 15 to 30 miles (25 to 50 km) B. 30 to 50 miles (50 to 75 km) C. 50 to 90 miles (75 to 140 km) D. 90 to 120 miles (140 to 190 km)	D. 90 to 120 miles (140 to 190 km)
The deep vertical formations through which diamonds traveled to the surface are called A. drifts. B. pipes. C. cratons. D. alluvials.	B. pipes.
The first authenticated diamond discovered in South Africa is named the A. Eureka. B. Cullinan. C. De Beers. D. Star of Africa.	A. Eureka.
Most of the world’s kimberlite pipes A. are located close to large cities. B. are being mined for diamonds at the present. C. do not contain diamonds in profitable quantities. D. are believed to contain great quantities of diamonds.	C. do not contain diamonds in profitable quantities.
The correct conditions for diamond formation exist under A. cratons. B. volcanic ash. C. oceanic crust. D. large mountain ranges.	A. cratons.
Scientists have found that diamonds form in two types of rocks, called A. marble and shale. B. sandstone and schist. C. peridotite and eclogite. D. kimberlite and lamproite.	C. peridotite and eclogite.
The large, stable parts of the earth’s continental crust are called A. plates. B. islands. C. shields. D. cratons.	D. cratons.
Diamond and graphite are both made of A. carbon. B. helium. C. oxygen. D. nitrogen.	A. carbon.
Diamond is hard and graphite is soft because of the difference in A. their atoms. B. their transparency. C. their chemical formulas. D. the way their atoms fit together.	D. the way their atoms fit together.
The proper environment for diamond formation includes the right temperature, pressure, and A. molten lava. B. indicator minerals. C. the availability of carbon. D. the presence of trace elements.	C. the availability of carbon.
Subduction occurs when A. volcanoes erupt. B. mountains collide. C. tidal waves sweep over landmasses. D. two of the earth’s crustal plates collide.	D. two of the earth’s crustal plates collide
Diamonds were delivered to the earth’s surface as recently as A. 20 billion years ago. B. 20 million years ago. C. 1 million years ago. D. 10,000 years ago.	B. 20 million years ago.
The three main components of the earth are the crust, mantle, and A. core. B. center. C. stratosphere. D. subduction zone.	A. core.
Before arriving at the earth’s surface, diamonds might remain in the mantle for as long as a few A. days. B. hours. C. hundred years. D. hundred million years.	B. hours.
During emplacement, if diamonds are exposed to high temperature along with decreased pressure for a long period, they will A. melt. B. explode. C. vaporize. D. convert to graphite.	D. convert to graphite.
Diamond deposits found at the ocean’s shore are A. marine deposits. B. primary deposits. C. industrial deposits. D. shoreline deposits.	A. marine deposits.
For more than 2,000 years, the only known diamond sources were A. alluvial. B. primary. C. kimberlite pipes. D. ancient volcanic craters.	A. alluvial.
Diamonds are more concentrated in A. marine deposits. B. primary deposits. C. volcanic deposits. D. mountain deposits.	A. marine deposits.
Only a small percentage of known diamond deposits are mined because most A. are not profitable. B. are too close to populated areas. C. are too far from populated areas. D. require expensive government permits.	A. are not profitable.
A mine’s potential profitability depends in part on A. its ore grade. B. its location on a craton. C. having a small, compact pipe. D. a good kimberlite-to-lamproite ratio.	A. its ore grade.
Most of the diamonds mined today come from A. pipes. B. beaches. C. riverbeds. D. the ocean floor.	A. pipes.
Diamonds classified as cuttable can be 100 times more valuable than A. marine diamonds. B. alluvial diamonds. C. industrial diamonds. D. gem-quality diamonds.	C. industrial diamonds.
Indicator minerals in kimberlite and lamproite might include tiny A. emeralds. B. sapphires. C. amethysts. D. diamonds.	D. diamonds.
The first step in exploring for diamonds is to A. collect bulk samples of ore. B. search for ancient volcanoes. C. look for the oldest parts of the earth’s crust. D. examine river gravels for indicator minerals.	C. look for the oldest parts of the earth’s crust.
Gravity sorting separates diamonds from A. river gravels. B. lighter materials. C. heavier materials. D. indicator minerals.	B. lighter materials.
Diamond rough suitable for use in tools, drills, and abrasives is A. cuttable quality. B. industrial quality. C. primarily from marine deposits. D. a byproduct of the exploration process.	B. industrial quality.
To focus their search for diamond deposits, geologists look for A. river gravels. B. trace elements. C. indicator minerals. D. small grains of graphite.	C. indicator minerals.
Diamond rough suitable for use in jewelry is called A. cuttable. B. Grade A. C. top-quality. D. jewelry-quality	A. cuttable.
A profitable mine A. is close to a source of water. B. has a high percentage of microdiamonds. C. meets governmental and environmental regulations. D. produces diamonds whose value is higher than the mine’s operating costs.	D. produces diamonds whose value is higher than the mine’s operating costs.
The concentration of diamonds within a pipe is called A. drift. B. ore grade. C. overburden. D. rough grade.	B. ore grade.
Shortly before the discovery of the South African deposits, the world’s major diamond producer was A. India. B. Brazil. C. Russia. D. Canada.	B. Brazil.
Most diamonds from Australia are A. large, but of poor color. B. large and near-colorless. C. small and poor in quality. D. small, but of good quality.	C. small and poor in quality.
Russia’s significant diamond deposits are in A. Siberia. B. Belorussia. C. the Crimea. D. the Kaliningrad Oglast.	A. Siberia.
African diamonds are recovered from A. pipe deposits only. B. alluvial deposits only. C. pipe and alluvial deposits. D. pipe, alluvial, and marine deposits.	D. pipe, alluvial, and marine deposits.
The largest percentage of world diamond production (by weight) is mined in A. Brazil. B. Angola. C. Australia. D. Indonesia.	C. Australia.
Chambering and block caving are methods used in A. mining diamond pipes. B. mining alluvial deposits. C. testing the productivity of diamond pipes. D. testing the productivity of alluvial deposits.	A. mining diamond pipes.
Diamond’s attraction to grease is used in A. separating diamond from ore gravels. B. fashioning diamond into fancy shapes. C. separating gem-quality from industrial diamonds. D. sorting and grading operations at the Diamond Trading Company.	A. separating diamond from ore gravels.
Most modern diamond-mining operations are A. done with simple hand tools. B. small in scale and not very expensive. C. large in scale and extremely expensive. D. performed in temperature-controlled environments.	C. large in scale and extremely expensive.
A horizontal tunnel drilled through a diamond pipe is called a A. path. B. drift. C. shaft. D. channel	B. drift.
Dirt and clay are washed from diamond-bearing ore by A. cleaners. B. agitators. C. scrubbers. D. grease belts.	C. scrubbers.
A. drift mining. B. open-pit mining. C. open-air mining. D. original-source mining.	B. open-pit mining.
Dense media separation is based on the fact that A. diamonds stick to grease. B. most diamonds fluoresce when X-rayed. C. diamonds float to the top of a mix of gravels. D. diamonds sink to the bottom of a mix of gravels.	D. diamonds sink to the bottom of a mix of gravels.
The Argyle mine is famous for diamonds that are A. pink. B. blue. C. large. D. colorless.	A. pink.
The shift in emphasis from alluvial to primary diamond mining was due to A. improved technology. B. environmental concerns. C. depletion of secondary sources. D. political and governmental pressures.	A. improved technology.
Russia’s diamond sources are almost all A. alluvial. B. primary. C. depleted. D. secondary.	B. primary.
Squares or rectangles, trigons, and parallel grooves are types of A. macles. B. graining. C. twin crystals. D. growth marks.	D. growth marks.
The crystal planes most suitable for cleaving a diamond are the A. cubic planes. B. octahedral planes. C. dodecahedral planes. D. trisoctahedral planes.	B. octahedral planes.
Which is the softest crystal direction in diamond? A. Cubic B. Octahedral C. Hexahedral D. Dodecahedral	D. Dodecahedral
Crystal shape is an important factor in evaluating rough because A. it influences the clarity grade. B. it often affects color and clarity. C. some crystal shapes are much softer than others. D. it affects the amount of weight retained after cutting.	D. it affects the amount of weight retained after cutting.
The diamond term glassie refers to A. an aggregate mass. B. a well-formed octahedral crystal. C. a noticeably rounded hexoctahedron. D. a macle with an abundance of trigons.	B. a well-formed octahedral crystal.
A naturally occurring, inorganic substance with a characteristic chemical composition and usually a characteristic crystal structure is known as a A. rock. B. crystal. C. variety. D. mineral.	D. mineral.
The habit of gem-quality diamond is the A. cube. B. octahedron. C. dodecahedron. D. hexoctahedron.	B. octahedron.
Another name for the cubic crystal system is A. isotropic. B. isometric. C. anisotropic. D. isomorphous.	B. isometric.
In diamonds, cleavage is caused by A. variations in density. B. irregular atomic structure. C. octahedrons with points that are easily broken. D. relatively wide spaces between some atomic planes.	D. relatively wide spaces between some atomic planes.
A flat, triangular twinned diamond crystal is called a A. macle. B. cleavage. C. splittable. D. tetrahedron.	A. macle.
The strongest of all atomic bonds are called A. shells. B. covalent. C. magnetic. D. electrons.	B. covalent.
Solid matter with atoms arranged in a regular, repeating pattern is called a(n) A. rock. B. crystal. C. variety. D. element.	B. crystal.
The smallest group of atoms with a characteristic chemical composition and the basic crystal structure of a mineral is called a(n) A. atom. B. unit cell. C. tetrahedron. D. building block.	B. unit cell.
What is the specific gravity of gem-quality diamond? A. 1.00 B. 2.17 C. 3.52 D. 4.01	C. 3.52
Atoms in a gem that aren’t part of its essential chemical composition are called A. trace elements. B. foreign elements. C. distortion impurities. D. irregularity elements.	A. trace elements.
The relative size, arrangement, and contrast of bright and dark areas that result from a diamond’s internal and external reflections is called A. pattern. B. sparkle. C. refraction. D. transmission.	A. pattern.
The flashes of color you see in a polished diamond are called A. fire. B. brilliance. C. dispersion. D. scintillation.	A. fire.
Variations in lighting and surroundings can affect a diamond’s A. RI. B. SG. C. luster. D. appearance.	D. appearance.
Visible light is A. also called brilliance. B. the result of dispersion. C. a form of radiant energy. D. a type of ultraviolet radiation.	C. a form of radiant energy.
White light is actually A. shortwave radiation. B. the result of dispersion. C. the result of transmission. D. a combination of all the spectral colors.	D. a combination of all the spectral colors.
The passage of light into or through a material is called A. reflection. B. dispersion. C. absorption. D. transmission.	D. transmission.
The higher the optical density of a material, the A. less it bends light. B. less it reflects light. C. more it speeds light up. D. more it slows light down.	D. more it slows light down.
The change in speed and possible change in direction of light as it travels from one material to another is called A. reflection. B. refraction. C. dispersion. D. scintillation.	B. refraction.
In order to exit a diamond, light must strike an inner surface A. at a facet junction. B. inside the critical angle. C. outside the critical angle. D. nearly parallel to the surface.	B. inside the critical angle
The flashes of light and the contrasting dark areas you see when the diamond, the light, or the observer moves are called A. extinction. B. dispersion. C. scintillation. D. transmission.	C. scintillation.
The appearance of a material’s surface in reflected light is called A. luster. B. reflectance. C. polish quotient. D. incident light return.	A. luster
Grease on the pavilion of a diamond results in A. more fire. B. greater brilliance. C. a smaller critical angle. D. more light leakage through the pavilion.	D. more light leakage through the pavilion.
The difference between the RI values of specific violet and red wavelengths of visible light for a given material is its A. fire. B. dispersion. C. critical angle. D. transmission value.	B. dispersion.
The angle of incidence always equals the A. RI. B. angle of reflection. C. dispersion of diamond. D. critical angle of diamond.	B. angle of reflection.
The combined effect of all the diamond’s surface and internal white light reflections is its A. brightness. B. reflectivity. C. scintillation. D. transmission.	A. brightness.
The size of a finished gem depends greatly upon the rough diamond’s A. color. B. shape. C. country of origin. D. optical properties.	B. shape.
A notch scratched into diamond rough to prepare it for cleaving is called a A. tang. B. kerf. C. scaife. D. cleavage.	B. kerf.
The number of facets on a single-cut diamond is A. 7 or 8. B. 17 or 18. C. 19 or 20. D. 57 or 58.	B. 17 or 18.
An early brilliant that has a circular girdle outline is called A. a table cut. B. a point cut. C. an old-mine cut. D. an old European cut.	D. an old European cut.
The devices that grip and hold a diamond for polishing are known as the A. dop and tang. B. tang and stay. C. lap and wheel. D. kerf and sharp.	A. dop and tang.
The cutting style with a flat bottom and a variable number of facets that come to a peak at the top is the A. rose cut. B. table cut. C. point cut. D. single cut.	A. rose cut.
The person who decides where to mark diamond rough for fashioning is called the A. bruter. B. planner. C. blocker. D. brillianteer.	B. planner.
The directional properties and structural features of a diamond crystal do not really matter in A. cleaving. B. laser sawing. C. conventional sawing. D. automated polishing.	B. laser sawing.
The rotary saw contributed to the diamond-cutting industry by A. preventing burned facets. B. allowing for easier cutting of exotic shapes. C. allowing for greater weight retention from rough. D. making it easier to cut through knots and crystals.	C. allowing for greater weight retention from rough.
To help determine crystal directions, diamond cutters look for A. kerfs. B. needles. C. growth marks. D. included crystals.	C. growth marks.
A diamond cutter’s main objectives are to produce an attractive finished diamond and A. maximize profits. B. cut round brilliants. C. cut ideal proportions. D. retain as little weight as possible.	A. maximize profits.
The process of polishing the star and upper and lower girdle facets is called A. kerfing. B. lasering. C. blocking. D. brillianteering.	D. brillianteering.
When the rough has a frosty or non-transparent surface, the cutter can look for inclusions by A. X-raying the stone. B. laser sawing the stone. C. sawing the stone on-center. D. polishing a window to view the interior.	D. polishing a window to view the interior.
The cast-iron disc on which a diamond is polished is called a A. dop. B. kerf. C. tang. D. scaife.	D. scaife.
In the cutting sequence, the crown and pavilion mains are polished by the A. bruter. B. blocker. C. finisher. D. brillianteer.	B. blocker.
Trigons are A. drag lines. B. color centers. C. growth marks. D. twinning planes.	C. growth marks.
Inclusions are easier to see using A. ultraviolet light. B. darkfield illumination. C. overhead spot lighting. D. overhead fluorescent lighting.	B. darkfield illumination.
Which of the following inclusions would threaten a diamond’s durability most? A. Pit B. Cloud C. Feather D. Laser drill-hole	C. Feather
A “paper-worn” diamond is one that has A. naturals. B. abrasions. C. extra facets. D. a bearded girdle.	B. abrasions.
A surface indentation with tiny, root-like feathers penetrating the stone is called a A. knot. B. cavity. C. bruise. D. natural.	C. bruise.
Which of the following is classified as an inclusion? A. Nick B. Chip C. Scratch D. Rough girdle	B. Chip
An example of a blemish is a A. chip. B. knot. C. bruise. D. natural.	D. natural.
A solid mineral body enclosed within a diamond (or other gem) is A. a knot. B. a natural. C. internal graining. D. an included crystal.	D. an included crystal.
The inclusion called bearding consists of tiny A. knots. B. needles. C. feathers. D. grain lines.	C. feathers.
A portion of the rough’s original surface, or skin, that dips below the polished diamond’s surface is called a(n) A. indented natural. B. internal graining. C. colored grain center. D. laser manufacturing remnant.	A. indented natural.
A term used to describe any break within a diamond is A. chip. B. bruise. C. feather. D. abrasion.	C. feather
A clarity characteristic confined to the surface of a polished gemstone is called a(n) A. blemish. B. inclusion. C. growth mark. D. surface feature.	A. blemish.
A loupe used for clarity grading must be corrected for chromatic and A. size distortion. B. vertical distortion. C. spherical distortion. D. depth-of-field distortion.	B. vertical distortion.
With darkfield illumination, light is directed into the stone from A. below. B. above. C. the side. D. all directions.	C. the side.
Which of the following is not a diamond inclusion? A. Cloud B. Feather C. Gas bubble D. Included crystal	C. Gas bubble
The more an inclusion differs in color from its host diamond, A. the less obvious it is. B. the more obvious it is. C. the more valuable the diamond is. D. the higher the diamond’s clarity grade.	B. the more obvious it is.
A feather reaching a bezel surface and the surface of the pavilion main A. does not need to be plotted. B. is plotted only on the crown diagram. C. is plotted only on the pavilion diagram. D. is plotted on both the crown and pavilion diagrams.	D. is plotted on both the crown and pavilion diagrams.
Blemishes don’t usually affect the clarity grade in diamonds below A. IF. B. SI. C. VS. D. VVS.	A. IF.
In a stone with these clarity characteristics, which would probably be the grade-setting characteristic? A. Pit B. Feather C. Pinpoint D. Extra facet	B. Feather
Which of these would disqualify a stone from being graded IF? A. Scratch B. Pinpoint C. Abraded culet D. Surface grain line	B. Pinpoint
On a plot, drawing a characteristic only in green indicates that it’s A. a blemish. B. part of a mounting. C. a surface-reaching inclusion. D. an inclusion totally enclosed within the stone.	A. a blemish.
Diamonds with minute inclusions that are difficult for even a skilled grader to see under 10X are classified A. IF. B. SI1 or SI2. C. VS1 or VS2. D. VVS1 or VVS2.	D. VVS1 or VVS2.
A reflector is the result of the inclusion’s A. size. B. relief. C. shape. D. position.	D. position.
In most cases, the easier it is to see a clarity characteristic, the A. less durable the stone. B. lower the clarity grade. C. more durable the stone. D. higher the clarity grade.	B. lower the clarity grade.
The designation SI means A. Slightly Included. B. Severely Included. C. Several Inclusions. D. Somewhat Included.	A. Slightly Included.
A round brilliant-cut VVS diamond could have A. a laser drill-hole. B. a small feather under the table. C. an included crystal under a star facet. D. a small pinpoint under a lower girdle facet.	D. a small pinpoint under a lower girdle facet.
VS1 and VS2 stones would be expected to have A. minor included crystals and feathers. B. inclusions that might threaten durability. C. minute inclusions and insignificant blemishes. D. a few scattered pinpoints and light surface graining.	A. minor included crystals and feathers.
One factor used to determine the clarity grade of a diamond is an inclusion’s A. shape. B. texture. C. contour. D. location.	D. location.
A stone with only a few extra facets on its pavilion that can’t be seen face-up should be graded A. IF. B. VS1. C. VVS1. D. Flawless.	A. IF.
Inclusions are usually most visible when they’re located A. below the girdle. B. on the girdle plane. C. under the crown facets. D. directly under the table.	D. directly under the table.
Colorless diamonds are more valuable than others in the normal color range because they A. do not fade. B. are more rare. C. have fewer inclusions. D. look better in yellow gold mountings.	B. are more rare.
Trade terms that describe diamond color A. can be misleading. B. are accurate for certain stones. C. are usually very clearly defined. D. are based on the names of famous diamantaires.	A. can be misleading.
The diamonds used as comparison stones for color grading in the normal color range are called A. D-to-Z sets. B. color stones. C. masterstones. D. color comparators.	C. masterstones.
The most widely accepted lighting for color-grading diamonds is A. darkfield. B. ultraviolet. C. a balance of darkfield and ultraviolet. D. balanced, daylight-equivalent fluorescent light.	D. balanced, daylight-equivalent fluorescent light.
Subtle color differences are usually more visible when seen A. face-up. B. through the pavilion. C. through the bezel facets. D. through the crown facets.	B. through the pavilion.
Which of the following GIA color grades indicates the greatest amount of yellow? A. D B. F C. G D. H	D. H
A masterstone graded as whole grade represents the A. middle of a color grade’s range. B. least amount of color in the grade’s range. C. consensus of what the trade believes that color to be. D. greatest amount of color in that grade’s range.	B. least amount of color possible in that grade’s range.
The color grade of a diamond that appears darker than the H masterstone but lighter than the I would be A. G. B. H. C. H-I. D. I.	B. H.
A. SI1 clarity B. Yellowish bodycolor C. Very strong fluorescence D. About 43 percent pavilion depth	C. Very strong fluorescence
When grading with masterstones, you should A. compare the unknown on the left side of the MS. B. compare the unknown on the right side of the MS. C. compare it on both sides of the MS. D. move the MS to compare with both sides of the unknown stone.	C. move the unknown to compare it on both sides of the masterstone.
A loose brown diamond should be color-graded A. as a range of colors. B. as a top light brown. C. against a brown masterstone set. D. against a yellow masterstone set.	D. against a yellow masterstone set.
If a diamond has a slight tint in the face down position and looks colorless face up, its color grade should be A. D, E, or F. B. G, H, I, or J. C. K, L, or M. D. N to Z.	B. G, H, I, or J.
The basic color of a fancy-colored diamond is known as its A. real color. B. actual color. C. apparent color. D. characteristic color.	D. characteristic color.
Diamonds outside the normal color range are graded A. face-up. B. face-down. C. through the girdle. D. from the pavilion view.	A. face-up.
The GIA Laboratory uses a Z masterstone to determine natural fancy A. blues. B. pinks. C. greens. D. yellows.	D. yellows.
Diamonds that are colorless to light yellow and light brown fall into the A. bodycolor range. B. basic color range. C. normal color range. D. tone and saturation range.	C. normal color range
When a gem absorbs some wavelengths of light and transmits others, the process is called A. color selection. B. spectral absorption. C. selective absorption. D. selective transmission.	C. selective absorption.
A structural defect that influences a gem’s absorption of light is called a(n) A. color center. B. lattice strain. C. impurity center. D. absorption center.	A. color center.
Type I diamonds contain A. boron. B. helium. C. oxygen. D. nitrogen.	D. nitrogen.
The emission of visible light by a material when it’s exposed to ultraviolet radiation is called A. UV light. B. atomic glow. C. fluorescence. D. spectral emission.	C. fluorescence.
The basic causes of a diamond’s color are its crystal structure and A. refractive index. B. absorption index. C. strength of saturation. D. chemical composition.	D. chemical composition.
The most common fancy diamond color is A. pink. B. green. C. brown. D. orange.	C. brown.
The relative lightness or darkness of a color is called its A. hue. B. tone. C. intensity. D. saturation.	B. tone.
The most common impurity element found in diamond is A. iron. B. boron. C. carbon. D. nitrogen.	D. nitrogen.
When boron is present in a diamond’s crystal structure, it colors the diamond A. red. B. pink. C. blue. D. green.	C. blue.
The most commonly observed color of fluorescence in gem diamond is A. blue. B. pink. C. green. D. yellow.	A. blue.
A noticeable “oily” appearance is usually the result of A. very strong fluorescence. B. a failed attempt to bleach the color. C. a poorly applied colored lacquer coating. D. radioactive residues from an artificial coloring process.	A. very strong fluorescence.
Which of the following diamond colors would be the most valuable, all other factors being equal? A. Red B. Gray C. Brown D. Deep yellow	A. Red
A common method of permanently changing the color of a diamond is A. coating. B. irradiating. C. laser drilling. D. organic dyeing.	B. irradiating.
Type IIb diamonds contain A. boron. B. helium. C. sodium. D. potassium.	A. boron.
A round brilliant diamond’s table size is expressed as A. excellent, good, or fair. B. small, medium, or large. C. a ratio of its depth to its diameter. D. a percentage of its average girdle diameter.	D. a percentage of its average girdle diameter.
A transparent measuring device divided into millimeters and tenths of a millimeter, used to measure a diamond’s table, is called a A. ruler. B. table gauge. C. micrometer. D. tape measure.	B. table gauge.
An advantage of the face-up method of crown-angle estimation is that it A. can be used with mounted diamonds. B. can be used for several cutting styles. C. can be performed without magnification. D. is based on a view of the actual crown angle.	A. can be used with mounted diamonds.
An extremely thick girdle A. makes a stone easier to set. B. creates an unattractive fish-eye effect. C. reduces a stone’s durability during normal wear. D. adds weight without contributing to the stone’s appearance.	D. adds weight without contributing to the stone’s appearance.
Most round brilliants have table percentages that range from about A. 35 to 40 percent. B. 45 to 50 percent. C. 55 to 65 percent. D. 70 to 75 percent.	C. 55 to 65 percent.
The crown angle is the angle formed by the girdle plane and the A. table. B. star facets. C. bezel facets. D. upper girdle facets.	C. bezel facets.
On a well-made diamond, the girdle will A. look like a knife edge. B. have just enough thickness to prevent chipping. C. show its reflection when viewed through the table. D. increase the weight of the diamond without adding to its beauty.	B. have just enough thickness to prevent chipping.
A weight-retention method that adjusts the angles of some facets to allow portions of a diamond’s girdle to be thicker is called A. painting. B. digging out. C. brillianteering. D. final polishing.	A. painting.
When using the bowing method, star facets that reach one-third of the way toward the girdle make the lines appear A. straight. B. irregular. C. to bow in. D. to bow out.	D. to bow out.
When using the ratio method for estimating table percentage, a 1:11⁄4 ratio indicates a table of approximately A. 54 percent. B. 60 percent. C. 65 percent. D. 69 percent.	B. 60 percent.
As a diamond’s pavilion gets deeper, its table reflection becomes A. larger. B. lighter. C. smaller. D. more difficult to see.	A. larger.
If a diamond’s culet is too large, it will look like A. a small cavity. B. an indented natural. C. a fuzzy, white speck. D. a black spot under the table.	D. a black spot under the table.
Which of the following pavilion depth percentages would most likely cause the girdle reflection to be visible face-up through the table? A. 37.0% B. 42.0% C. 45.0% D. 48.0%	A. 37.0%
The care that goes into the fashioning of a polished diamond, as confirmed by its finish, is its A. cut. B. shape. C. polish. D. craftsmanship.	C. polish.
The purpose of the culet facet is to A. prevent chipping. B. improve symmetry. C. maximize brilliance. D. maximize light leakage.	A. prevent chipping.
The proportions that play the biggest role in determining a round brilliant diamond’s brightness are table percentage, crown angle, and A. culet size. B. pavilion angle. C. crown height percentage. D. girdle thickness percentage.	B. pavilion angle.
Large, very large, or extremely large culets should be considered when determining A. polish. B. clarity. C. symmetry. D. pavilion depth percentage.	C. symmetry.
Which of the following is part of an evaluation of proportion symmetry? A. Scratches B. Wavy girdle C. Rough girdle D. Non-pointing facets	B. Wavy girdle
A diamond with variations in alignment probably also has A. polish lines. B. misshapen facets. C. a low clarity grade. D. an out-of-round girdle outline.	B. misshapen facets.
A diamond w/ a thick girdle, steep crown, or deep pavilion represents poor value b/c A. it doesn’t look attractive. B. it can’t be set. C. it appears smaller face-up than its weight suggests. D. its proportions create durability problems.	C. it appears smaller face-up than its weight suggests.
A diamond’s physical shape, including its proportions and durability, determined by decisions made during the fashioning process, is its A. finish. B. polish. C. design. D. brilliance.	C. design.
5. Most diamonds have some symmetry variations A. that affect the value of the stone. B. but they rarely affect appearance. C. that appear both obvious and distracting. D. but they don’t need to be evaluated when grading.	B. but they rarely affect appearance.
On an emerald-cut diamond, very narrow corners should be noted under A. finish, as a polishing detail. B. finish, as a symmetry variation. C. proportions, as a shape-appeal factor. D. proportions, as a length-to-width ratio variation.	C. proportions, as a shape-appeal factor.
Where on a fancy-cut diamond might multiple facet reflections make it most difficult to detect clarity characteristics? A. Belly B. Point C. Wing D. Shoulder	B. Point
Which of the following appears only on fancy cuts? A. Culet B. Girdle C. Keel line D. Upper girdle facets	C. Keel line
On a marquise-shaped, brilliant-cut diamond, pavilion-angle variations can result in A. a fisheye. B. a bow-tie. C. pavilion bulge. D. dark areas under the points.	B. a bow-tie.
On emerald cuts, differences in the angles of the rows of pavilion facets cause A. wide corners. B. pavilion bulge. C. a bow-tie effect. D. a shortened culet.	B. pavilion bulge.
Compared to round brilliants, one difference in the color-grading process for fancy-cut diamonds is the A. type of light. B. viewing direction. C. type of magnification. D. shape of the masterstones.	B. viewing direction.
Princess cuts are popular in jewelry designs that call for A. curved lines. B. pavé settings. C. an antique look. D. channel settings.	D. channel settings.
The rounded end of a pear-shaped stone is called the A. lobe. B. apex. C. head. D. wing.	C. head.
Excessive pavilion bulge on emerald cuts results in A. excess weight. B. increased beauty. C. fewer setting problems. D. unattractive length-to-width ratio.	A. excess weight.
The slightly curved, central areas on the sides of some brilliant fancy cuts are called A. lobes. B. bezels. C. bellies. D. centers.	C. bellies.
When you judge a diamond’s shape appeal, you consider A. its bulge factor. B. its total depth percentage. C. the symmetry of its corresponding parts. D. whether or not its shape is graceful and pleasing.	D. whether or not its shape is graceful and pleasing.
What’s considered under symmetry when grading a pear-shaped diamond? A. Flat head B. Bulging wings C. High shoulders D. Culet placement	D. Culet placement
A faceting style that replaces the large bezel facets at the points of some diamonds with star and upper girdle facets is called a A. star tip. B. bezel tip. C. French tip. D. point facet.	C. French tip.
A mounting makes it impossible to A. appraise a diamond. B. accurately weigh a diamond. C. estimate a diamond’s proportions. D. locate a diamond’s clarity characteristics.	B. accurately weigh a diamond.
To see a diamond’s clarity characteristics that might be hidden by prongs, A. use reflections. B. use soft, diffused lighting. C. gently bend the prongs out of the way. D. look at the diamond in the face-up position.	A. use reflections.
An improvable is a diamond that can be repolished to improve its clarity A. to Flawless. B. from I3 to SI2. C. to VVS1 or VVS2. D. to Internally Flawless.	C. to VVS1 or VVS2.
When you color grade a mounted diamond, A. always remove it from the mounting. B. you have to use mounted masterstones. C. hold the mounting face-up in the DiamondLite. D. hold its table beside the masterstone’s table without letting the stones touch.	D. hold its table beside the masterstone’s table without letting the stones touch.
Accurate weight estimation of a mounted diamond requires A. a computer imaging system. B. very little skill or experience. C. careful measurement and a calculator. D. making adjustments for proportion variations.	D. making adjustments for proportion variations.
Which of the following requires the greatest adjustment to estimated weight? A. Thick girdle B. Long star facets C. Shallow pavilion D. Steep crown angles	A. Thick girdle
When estimating the weight of very small diamonds, graders A. often use templates. B. don’t adjust for proportion variations. C. use the same techniques as for larger diamonds. D. must use more adjustment factors than for larger stones.	A. often use templates.
The ultimate recutting consideration is A. how badly the stone is damaged. B. how much the color can be improved. C. how much the clarity can be improved. D. the potential value of the finished diamond.	D. the potential value of the finished diamond.
A diamond’s recut style is largely determined by A. its original cut. B. the cutter’s favorite style. C. which style is most in demand. D. how many inclusions the cutter can remove.	A. its original cut.
To find the crown height percentage, you must know the crown angle and the A. table percentage. B. average girdle diameter. C. pavilion depth percentage. D. girdle thickness percentage.	A. table percentage.
The setting that makes it most difficult to estimate a stone’s weight is a A. bezel setting with an open back. B. bezel setting with a closed back. C. six-prong setting with a closed back. D. four-prong setting with an open back.	B. bezel setting with a closed back.
The chart of weight adjustment factors begins to apply when the overall girdle thickness is rated as A. thin. B. thick. C. medium. D. slightly thick.	D. slightly thick.
Which of the following is a natural gem? A. YAG B. GGG C. Zircon D. Strontium titanate	C. Zircon
Diamond imitations called “paste” are actually A. glass. B. zircon. C. synthetic spinel. D. rock crystal quartz.	A. glass.
Diamond simulants A. are always manmade. B. only look like diamonds. C. are the same as synthetic diamonds. D. have the same properties as natural diamonds.	B. only look like diamonds.
The thermal diamond tester helps separate diamond from most simulants because of diamond’s excellent ability to A. reflect light. B. refract light. C. conduct heat. D. conduct electricity.	C. conduct heat.
The term “diamond simulant” A. includes only manmade stones. B. means a synthetic diamond. C. refers to a stone w/ at least one property the same as diamond. D. looks like a diamond but has different optical, physical, and chemical properties.	D. refers to a stone that looks like a diamond but has different optical, physical, and chemical properties.
Which diamond simulant shows noticeable doubling and strong fire? A. CZ B. Zircon C. Synthetic rutile D. Strontium titanate	C. Synthetic rutile
Which of the following typically has a waxy to granular girdle surface? A. CZ B. GGG C. Diamond D. Synthetic rutile	C. Diamond
The easiest way to separate diamond from synthetic moissanite is by checking for A. doubling. B. brilliance. C. refractive index. D. thermal conductivity.	A. doubling.
The easiest way to separate diamond from synthetic cubic zirconia is by checking for A. fire. B. doubling. C. thermal conductivity. D. Mohs scale hardness.	C. thermal conductivity.
The easiest way to separate diamond from zircon is by checking for A. doubling. B. see-through. C. specific gravity. D. refractive index.	A. doubling.
A diamond imitation that’s foilbacked or composed of colorless lead-glass might be called a A. zircon. B. doublet. C. synthetic. D. rhinestone.	D. rhinestone.
A stone formed by cementing two separate pieces of material together is called a A. doublet. B. synthetic. C. assembly. D. construction.	A. doublet.
All diamond simulants rank lower than diamond in A. hardness. B. dispersion. C. fluorescence. D. specific gravity.	A. hardness.
. Some diamond simulants display “see-through” because, compared to diamond, they A. display less fire. B. have lower hardness. C. can’t be polished as well. D. have much larger critical angles.	D. have much larger critical angles.
Which of the following properties is higher in GGG than in diamond? A. Doubling B. Dispersion C. Specific gravity D. Thermal conductivity	C. Specific gravity
Synthetic diamond is a A. natural material looking like diamond. B. manmade material looking like diamond. C. manmade material w/ the same physical, chemical, & optical properties as diamond. D. manmade carbon material in another crystal system.	C. manmade material w/ the same physical, chemical, & optical properties as diamond.
The use of synthetic diamonds in jewelry A. is limited by high production costs. B. makes up a substantial portion of the market. C. is limited to fancy-colored melee. D. is currently impossible because the synthetics are too highly included.	A. is limited by high production costs.
Most synthetic gem-quality diamonds are A. blue. B. pink. C. colorless. D. yellow or brown.	D. yellow or brown.
Which one of the following clarity characteristics might be found in a synthetic diamond? A. Xenocryst B. Metallic flux C. Garnet crystal D. Diopside crystal	B. Metallic flux

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