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Fallacies

a mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument.

TermDefinition
Non sequitur a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement.
False dichotomy A false dilemma is a type of informal fallacy that involves a situation in which limited alternatives are considered, when in fact there is at least one additional option.
Hasty generalization faulty generalization by reaching an inductive generalization based on insufficient evidence—essentially making a hasty conclusion without considering all of the variables
Stereotype a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
False analogy faulty instance of the argument from analogy.
Post hoc, ergo propter occurring or done after the event.
straw man a person compared to a straw image; a sham
Red Herring something (a clue) that is or is intended to be misleading or distracting
misleading statistics A misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood, may be accidental can be purposeful
slippery slope relatively small first step that leads to a chain of related events culminating in some significant effect
circular reasoning logical fallacy in which "the reasoner begins with what he or she is trying to end up with"
ad hominem general category of fallacies in which a claim or argument is rejected on the basis of some irrelevant fact about the author of or the person presenting the claim or argument
begging the question an informal fallacy where the conclusion that one is attempting to prove is included in the initial premises of an argument, often in an indirect way that conceals this fact
Created by: brittney75
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