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Medical Terminology
Chapter 6: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | The most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection |
| Adenoid/o | Adenoids |
| an- , ana- | Up, apart, backward, excessive |
| anti- | Against |
| bacteri/o | Bacteria, bacterium |
| brachy- | Short |
| carcin/o | Cancerous |
| cyt/o , -cyte | Cell |
| edem- , edemat/o | Swelling, fluid, tumor |
| fer/o | Bear, carry |
| fung/i | Fungus |
| gen- , gen/o , -gen | Producing, forming |
| globin/o , -globulin | Protein |
| immuno/o | Immune, protection, safe |
| inter- | Between, among |
| -ize | To make, to treat |
| lymph/o | Lymph, lymphatic tissue |
| lymphaden/o | Lymph node or gland |
| lymphangi/o | Lymph vessel |
| lymphocyt/o | Lymphoid cells |
| mamm/o | Breast |
| mega- , megal/o | Large, great |
| meta- | Change, beyond, subsequent to, behind, after or next |
| neo- , ne/o | New, strange |
| -oma | tumor, neoplasm |
| onc/o | Tumor |
| phag/o | Eat, swallow |
| -phylactic , phylaxis | Protective, preventive, protection |
| -plasm | Formative material of cells |
| sarc/o | Sacrum |
| splen/o | Spleen |
| -stasis , -static | Control, maintenance of a constant level |
| suppress/o | Press down |
| tele/o | Distant, far |
| therap/o , therapeut/o | Treatment |
| thym/o | Thymus gland |
| tonsill/o | Tonsil, throat |
| tox/o | Poison, poisonous |
| Adjuvant Therapy | Cancer treatment used after the primary treatments have been completed to decrease the chance that a cancer will recur |
| Allergen | A substance that produces allergic response in an individual |
| Anaphylaxis | A severe, systemic response to an allergen |
| Angiogenesis | The process through which the tumor supports its growth by creating its own blood supply |
| Anthrax | A contagious disease that can be transmitted through livestock |
| Antibiotics | Medications capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacteria |
| Antibody (A, Ab) | A disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen |
| Antifungal | An agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi |
| Antigen (AG, Ag) | Any substance that the body regards as being foreign |
| Antiangiogenesis | Cancer treatment that disrupts the blood supply to the tumor |
| Antigen-antibody Reaction | The process of binding antigens to the antibodies ; also known as the immune reaction |
| Autoimmune Disorder | A condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against the body's own tissues |
| Bacilli | Rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria |
| Bacteria | One-celled microscopic organisms |
| Bioimpedance Spectroscopy | A noninvasive method of diagnosing lymphedema by measuring the limb's resistance to an electrical current |
| Breast Self Examination (BSE) | A self-care procedure for the early detection of breast cancer |
| Brachytherapy | The use of radioactive materials in contact with or implanted into the tissues to be treated |
| Candidiasis | A yeast infection |
| Carcinoma (Ca, CA) | A malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue |
| Carcinoma In Situ (CIS) | A malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues |
| Complement System | A group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form |
| Cytokines | A group of proteins released primarily by the T cells ; interferons and interleukins |
| Cytomegalovirus (CMV) | A type of herpesvirus found in most body fluids |
| Cytotoxic Drug | Medication that kills or damages cels |
| Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) | Breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer had broken through the wall of the milk duct |
| Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | A blood test used to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies |
| Hemolytic | The function of destroying worn-out erythrocytes and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse |
| Herpes Zoster (HX) | An acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of an inflamed nerve |
| Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) | A malignancy of the lymphatic system that is distinguished from other lymphomas by the presence of large, cancerous lymphocytes known as Reed-Sternberg cells |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | A bloodborne pathogen that damages or kills the T cells of the immune system, causing it to progressively fail |
| Immunodeficiency Disorder | A condition that occurs when immune system response is comprised |
| Immunoglobulin (IG) | Antibodies that bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response |
| Immunosuppressant | A substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response |
| Immunotherapy | A disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response |
| Infectious Mononucleosis | An infection cause by the Epstein-Barr virus that is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes |
| Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) | A herpes virus causing infectious mononucleosis and is associated with certain cancers |
| Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma | Breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that duct, and invades the fatty breast tissue |
| Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma | Breast cancer that starts in the milk glands, breaks through the wall of the gland, and invades the fatty tissue of the breast |
| Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) | A rare but aggressive form of breast cancer |
| Interferon | Produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses or tumor cells |
| Lumpectomy | Surgical removal of only the cancerous tissue with the surrounding margin of normal tissue |
| Lyme Disease | A bacterial infection cause by a spirochete belonging to the genus Borrelia |
| Lymphadenitis | Inflammation of the lymph nodes |
| Lymphadenopathy | Ant disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes |
| Lymphangioma | A benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels |
| Lymphedema (LE) | Swelling of the tissues dues to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues |
| Lymphocytes | Leukocytes that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells |
| Lymphoma | A general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tumors |
| Lymphoscintigraphy | A diagnostic test that is performed to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels |
| Macrophage | A type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells |
| Malaria | A disease cause by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito |
| Mammography | A radiographic examination of the breast to detect the presence of tumors of precancerous cells |
| Mastectomy | Surgical removal of the entire breast and nipple |
| Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination (MMR) | Childhood immunization that can prevent these three viral conditions |
| Metastasis (MET) | The new cancer site that results from the spreading process |
| Metastasize (met) | The process by which cancer spreads from one place to another |
| Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) | One of several types of bacteria that are now resistance to most antibiotics |
| Myoma | A benign tumor made up of muscle tissue |
| Myosarcoma | A malignant tumor made up of muscle tissue |
| Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) | The term used to describe all other lymphomas other the HL |
| Opportunistic Infection | Caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans |
| Osteosarcoma | A hard tissue sarcoma that usually involves the upper shaft of long bones, pelvis, or knee |
| Parasite | A plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism |
| Rabies | An acute viral infection transmitted to humans by the bit or saliva of an infected animal |
| Rickettsia | A small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites |
| Rubella | A biral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine, pink rash |
| Sarcoma | A malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues |
| Spirochetes | Long, slender spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement |
| Splenomegaly | An abnormal enlargement of the spleen |
| Staphylococci (Staph) | A group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes |
| Streptococci (Strep) | Bacteria that form a chain ; some are harmless |
| Systematic Reaction | A sever response to an allergen ; also known as anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock |
| Teletherapy | Radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is precisely targeted with the use of 3-D computer imaging |
| Toxoplasmosis | A parasite most commonly transmitted from animals (pets) to humans by contact with contaminated feces |
| Varicella (VSZ) | A highly contagious infection caused by the herpes virus; also known as chicken pox |
Created by:
Jensen20