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Petroleum
Unit 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Fractional distillation | vaporized at 350C, different chain lengths condense at different temperatures. Fractions draw off at different levels |
Cracking | breaking longer chained hydrocarbons into shorter chained hydrocarbons |
catalytic cracking | hydrocarbons are passed over a catalyst before being cracked. |
Problems with straight chained alkanes | tend to auto ignite resulting in knocking |
How to reduce knocking | use branched and cyclic alkanes to create a higher octane rating. |
Isomerisation | straight chained alkanes are converted into branched alkanes |
reforiming | straight chained alkanes are converted into cyclic alkanes. |