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Unit 10

Sampling, Inferences, and Comparing Populations

TermDefinition
mean The sum of a set of data points divided by the number of data points. (Also known as average)
median The middle number or the mean of the two middle numbers in an ordered set of data.
compare To note the similarities or differences of.
population The entire group of people or things that are being analyzed.
sample Part of the population upon which an experiment or survey is conducted.
survey Method to collect data from a sample or population to study some characteristics of the group.
representative samples A subset of a statistical population that accurately reflects the members of the entire population.
biased sample A sample collected in such a way that some members of the intended population are less likely to be included than others.
unbiased sample A sample collected in such a way that all members of the intended population have a fair opportunity to be included in the sample as others.
inference A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.
simple random sampling A part of a population chosen randomly and entirely by chance where each member of the subgroup has an equal opportunity to be chosen at any stage during the sampling process. (Example: draw a name from a hat)
systematic random sampling A part of a population chosen by fixed intervals where each member of the subgroup has an equal opportunity to be chosen at any stage during the sampling process. (Example: select every tenth person)
stratified random sampling A part of a population chosen by grouping the population then choosing randomly where each member of the subgroup has an equal opportunity to be chosen at any stage during the sampling process. (Example: Select an equal number of boys and girls)
draw inference To make a conclusion through observation and reasoning.
characteristic A feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing.
observe To watch, view, and note for a purpose.
variability The extent to which data points in a data set spread out from the mean value.
range The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set.
mean absolute deviation (MAD) The average of the distance between the data points of a data set and the mean of the same data set.
absolute value The distance a number is from zero.
similar Resembling without being identical.
box-and-whisker plot A graphic way to show how data is distributed by using the median, quartiles, and minimum and maximum values on a number line.
quartile The median of the upper or lower half of a data set.
second quartile The median of the data set which divides the data set in half.
First quartile The median of the lower half of a data set.
Third Quartile The median of the upper half of a data set.
valid A point of view that can be supported with facts.
outlier A data value that is far removed from the rest of the data.
predictable Able to estimate a future event.
analyze Examine to gather information from.
Created by: Mrs Ott
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