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Chem 1 Sec 3
Chemical Reactions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reactants (+) form the... | Products |
| Evidence of Chemical Reaction | Gas Evolution, Temperature Change, Color Change, Precipitation |
| What changes the atoms from reactants to products? | Oxidation state |
| The numbers in front of the element are called... | Stioichiometric Coefficents |
| (s), (g), (l), & (aq) are what? | The compounds physical state |
| What is the Law of the Conservation of Matter? | If the number of atoms are present in the reaction at the beginning till the end, amount of matter does not change |
| Chemical equations must be balanced due to... | The matter conserved in a chemical reaction |
| Both sides of the equation must be what? | EQUAL |
| What is the difference of P4 and 4P in an equation? | |
| In balancing a chemical equation, why are the reactant and product subscripts not changed? | |
| What does the double arrows indicate? | Equilibrium |
| Once equilibrium is achieved, there is no... | Net change in reactants or products |
| Salts | Ionic Compounds (composed of nonmetals and metal element(s)) |
| Acids | Produces H+ in water; example: HCl |
| Bases | Produces OH- in water; example: NaOH |
| Molecular Compounds | Covalent bonded atoms, not acids, bases, or salts |
| What are molecular compounds? | Alcohols and Sugar |
| Aqueous Solutions | Solute + Solvent |
| 3 types of Aqueous Solutions | Strong, Weak, and Non-Electrolytes |
| Ions in solution are called... | Electrolytes |
| Example of strong Electrolytes | HCl, CuCl2, NaCl |
| Acetic acid | Weak electrolytes |
| Water in a solution is the... | Solvent |
| When writing a weak electrolyte in a solution... | One NEVER breaks it up into the corresponding ions |
| Look over Weak electrolytes | |
| What characterizes strong electrolytes? | Ions ONLY in solution |
| What characterizes weak electrolytes? | Ions and molecules in solution |
| What characterizes non electrolytes? | Molecules in solution |
| Molecular Compounds molecules must be... | Polar |
| Ionic compounds solubility is governed by | Solubility Rules |
| Precipitation Reactions | An insoluble that forms and drops out of teh soluble |
| 4 Types of Reactions | Precipitation / Acid-base / Gas forming / Reduction and Oxidation |
| Acid-base Neutralization | Acid reacts with a base to yield water |
| Gas forming Reactions | Insoluble gas is formed |
| Reduction and Oxidation Reaction | Electrons are transferred between reactants |
| Exchange Reactions | Anions exchange places with cations |
| Percipitate | Driving force in forming an insoluble solid |
| Molecular Equation | Reactants, Products, Identifying states of matter |
| Ionic Equation | All solubles are ions |
| Net Ionic Equation | Cancel out any species that appear on either side of the equation |
| Acid increases... | H+ concentration (aq) solution |
| Base increases... | OH- concentration (aq) solution |
| Memorize Acid Tables | - |
| Nonmetals can or cannot form acids in aqueous solutions? | Can |
| Oxidation | Losing electrons (reducing agents) |
| Reduction | Gaining electrons (oxidizing agents) |
Created by:
animalsavior
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