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Chem 1 Sec 3

Chemical Reactions

QuestionAnswer
Reactants (+) form the... Products
Evidence of Chemical Reaction Gas Evolution, Temperature Change, Color Change, Precipitation
What changes the atoms from reactants to products? Oxidation state
The numbers in front of the element are called... Stioichiometric Coefficents
(s), (g), (l), & (aq) are what? The compounds physical state
What is the Law of the Conservation of Matter? If the number of atoms are present in the reaction at the beginning till the end, amount of matter does not change
Chemical equations must be balanced due to... The matter conserved in a chemical reaction
Both sides of the equation must be what? EQUAL
What is the difference of P4 and 4P in an equation?
In balancing a chemical equation, why are the reactant and product subscripts not changed?
What does the double arrows indicate? Equilibrium
Once equilibrium is achieved, there is no... Net change in reactants or products
Salts Ionic Compounds (composed of nonmetals and metal element(s))
Acids Produces H+ in water; example: HCl
Bases Produces OH- in water; example: NaOH
Molecular Compounds Covalent bonded atoms, not acids, bases, or salts
What are molecular compounds? Alcohols and Sugar
Aqueous Solutions Solute + Solvent
3 types of Aqueous Solutions Strong, Weak, and Non-Electrolytes
Ions in solution are called... Electrolytes
Example of strong Electrolytes HCl, CuCl2, NaCl
Acetic acid Weak electrolytes
Water in a solution is the... Solvent
When writing a weak electrolyte in a solution... One NEVER breaks it up into the corresponding ions
Look over Weak electrolytes
What characterizes strong electrolytes? Ions ONLY in solution
What characterizes weak electrolytes? Ions and molecules in solution
What characterizes non electrolytes? Molecules in solution
Molecular Compounds molecules must be... Polar
Ionic compounds solubility is governed by Solubility Rules
Precipitation Reactions An insoluble that forms and drops out of teh soluble
4 Types of Reactions Precipitation / Acid-base / Gas forming / Reduction and Oxidation
Acid-base Neutralization Acid reacts with a base to yield water
Gas forming Reactions Insoluble gas is formed
Reduction and Oxidation Reaction Electrons are transferred between reactants
Exchange Reactions Anions exchange places with cations
Percipitate Driving force in forming an insoluble solid
Molecular Equation Reactants, Products, Identifying states of matter
Ionic Equation All solubles are ions
Net Ionic Equation Cancel out any species that appear on either side of the equation
Acid increases... H+ concentration (aq) solution
Base increases... OH- concentration (aq) solution
Memorize Acid Tables -
Nonmetals can or cannot form acids in aqueous solutions? Can
Oxidation Losing electrons (reducing agents)
Reduction Gaining electrons (oxidizing agents)
Created by: animalsavior
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