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Otto Von Bismarck
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Realpolitik
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russian rev/ww1 exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Otto Von Bismarck | nationalist who united Prussian territories into Germany through "blood and iron" using realpolitik to justify provoking wars |
| Realpolitik | "Reality Politics" belief that a nation's interests are more important than ethics or morals (right and wrong) |
| Franco-Prussian War | 1870-1871 Prussian victory against France, used by Bismarck to unite Prussians against France and created Germany |
| Giuseppe Garibaldi | nationalist leader who united Southern Italian States |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | Heir to the Austro-Hungarian throng whose assassination in 1914 by a serbian nationalist/terrorist sparked WW1 |
| Militirism | glorifying the military and building up armed forces (troops and weapons) |
| Central Powers | (triple alliance) Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. Later the Ottoman Empire would join and Italy would leave |
| Allied Powers | (triple entente) Alliance of Britain, France, and Russia. Eventually the U.S joined |
| Balkans | ethnically diverse Eastern European region that became a "powder keg" of nationalist and imperialist tension between Serbia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire |
| Western Front | Region of France during WW1 where allied and central forces were locked in a trench warfare stalemate (no side could defeat the other) |
| Trench warfare | system where soldiers lived/fought in trenches and sacrificed many men for small land gains |
| Unrestricted submarine warfare | Germany's wartime policy to sink ships around Great Britain; helped bring the U.S into the war as U.S civilians were killed by Germany U-Boats (submarines) |
| Total War | when a nation devotes al its resources to war and regulates the economy; women replaced men in the factories and resources (such as food, fabric, metals, rubber, etc...) are rationed (limited for civilians use), in addition civilians became militarytarget |
| Propaganda | one-sided information used to gain support and keep up enthusiasm for a cause, especially used during wars |
| Treaty of Versailles | treaty which blamed Germany for causing WW1 and punished it by taking away colonies, limiting the German Army, and forcing Germany to pay reparations for war damages; anger over this treaty led to the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany |
| Ottoman Empire | "the sick man of Europe" once controlled most of the Middle East (1400s-early 1900s) but was divided up by the Allies after WW1 and was reduced to Turkey. |
| Armenians | non-Muslium ethnic minority in the Ottoman Empire who were victims of Genocide (mass killing based on ethnicity, race, or religion) during WW1 |
| Bloody Sunday | Massacre of former Russian serfs by the troops of Nicholas II during a demonstration where they asked for voting rights and freedom of the speech/press |
| Czar Nicholas II | Ineffective last Czar of Russia who was overthrown and was executed with his family after the Bolshevik Communist Revolution |
| Proletariat | the poor farmers and factory workers who were supposed to gain political power after a communist revolution |
| Bolshevik Revolution | 1917 communist revolution in Russia against the temporary government that had replaced Czar Nicholas II |
| Vladimir Ilyich Lenin | Bolshevik leader, got support of the Russian proletariat by promising "peace, land, and bread" and established a communist dictatorship in Russia (1920-1922) created the United Soviet Socialist Republic (U.S.S.R) |
| Bismarck ignored both the parliament and the constitution. How do you think this action would affect Prussian Government? | With bismarck ignoring both the parliament and the constitution of Prussia, I think that this action would disrupt and anger the Prussian government because they now have lost control over their new unified country to a man who beleives that treaties |
| ****** | solve nothing and that blood solves everything and who could possibly lead their new country into becoming a dicatorship. Overall it affectted the prussian government by weakening it. |
| What were the reasons for the hostility between Austria-Hungary and Serbia | The reasons was because Serbia, who had a very large Slavic Population, wanted to extend its borders and absorb all Slavs in the Balkan Penisula and Russia did support Serbian nationalism due to the fact that Russia itself was a slavic nation. |
| partt 2 | but Austria-hungary, Serbia's powerful neighbor to the north, was not in favor of this because they feared that the creation of a Slavic State would stir up a rebellion among Austria-Hungarys own Slavic Population. in 1908 Austria-Hungary took over, |
| part 333 control away in the Balkans | two balkan areas with a large population of Slavs known as Bosnia and Herezegovina. The Serbian leaders promised to take away Bosnia and Herzegovina from Austria-Hungary and in response, Austria-Hungary vowed to crush any Serbian effort to take their |
| Based on the map, why might Serbia have staked a claim to Bosnia and herzegovina? | based on the map, Serbia night have staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina because one it was right next to Serbia and two, being located next to the Adriatic Sea, it provided an opportunity for trade. |
| What were the three forces at work in Europe that helped set the stage for war? | Nationalism, Imperialism, and Militarism |
| Why were the Balkans known was the powder keg in EUrope? | because of it's more than 400 years of ethnic and political conflict The assasination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand set of the spark the began World War I |
| After the Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815) leading European countries held a meeting to establish a "balance of power" to prevent future large scale wars. This meeting was called what? | the congress of vienna |
| The unification of Italy (1870) and Germany (1871) did what to the balance of power in Europe? | The unification of Italy (1870) and Germany (1871) UPSET the balance of power in Europe |
| All of the following choices are accurate regarding the unification of Italy and Germany execpt a. both involved wars to consolidate territory b.both resulted from feelings of nationalism c. both resulted in de-centralized feudal government | c. both resulted in de-centralized feudal government |
| Causes for world war 1? | M.A.N.I.A M-militarism A-Alliances N-Nations I-Imperalsim (countries attack other countries colonies) A-Assassination |
| WHo made up the centralized powers? | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
| WHo made up the Allied powers | France, Great britain, Russia, Serbia |
| the balkans = | powder keg |
| Serbia wanted.. | to control all Slavic groups |
| Which of the following is inaccurate regarding the Balkan region just prior to the out break of WW1? a. nationalistic and imperalistic tensions were high between serbia and Austria HUngary b. many serbs supported Austro-Hungarian foregin polices | b. many serbs supported austro-hungairan foreign polices |
| Dehumanization | to make some one look so mean and so bad that they aren't even human. for they are MONSTERR |
| Which of the following is not true regarding propaganda during WW1? a. it was used to motivate men to fight and women to work in industry and as nurses b.it contained half truths and/or outright lies c. it supported traditonal gender values | c. it supported traditional gender values |
| What happened to the British cruise ship Lusitania? When and why did it happen? | It was torpedoed by a German submarine and sank it killing over 1,000 British civilians and 128 U.S citizens. This happened on May 7th 1915 and it happened b/c the Germans claimed that their were weapons being brought to the british on the ship |
| Why might this bring the U.S into ww1 | because 128 U.S citizens were killed |
| the zimmerman telgram | the coded message to mexico from the Germans asking Mexico to make an alliance with them because they are going to return to unrestricted submarine warfare and in return they will get back mexicos lost territory in america (texas, new mexico, arizona) |
| Statment made by U.S President Wildrow Wilson to give all of the follwing reasons to fight WW1 except a. to maintain freedom of the seas b. to make the world safe for democracy c. to ensure repayment of US loans d. to give the people the right of self | Determination.. c. to ensure repayment of U.S loans (yet it was a big factor) |
| Self Determination | people to choose their government and their country |
| Which of the following is inacurrate regarding the Treaty of Versailles? a. it offically ended the "great war" b. it primarly blamed the Germans for causing the war c.it contained the seeds of WW1 and contributed to the rise of Adolf Hitler and Nazism | in Germany d. It limited militarism in all european countries e. it contributed to Europes economic troubles d. it limited militarism in all European countries |
| Which of the following is true regarding the leauge of nations? | c. it was successful peacekeeping organization founded post WW1 |
| Leauge of Nations (1918) a military force, seeks to use trade sanctions (economic limitations on trade) to punish belligerent (agressive) countries and force all nations to obey international law | international peace keeping organization which provides for a way for countries to discuss and debate their difference/problems At first only "allies/triple entente" nations are included (not germany and russia yet) US does not join, does not possess |
| was the leauge of nations affective? | no because we ended up going into WW2 |
| How did Alexander III and Nicholas II rule? | autocraticly |
| how would this affect the mood of the people? | it created a sense of anger and depression amongst the people |
| Who were the Bolsheviks and what did they want? | the bolsheviks were a revolutionary group who wanted to overthrow the government |
| What developments helped lead up to the revolution: | the developments of strike in response to murdering hundreds of hungry workers. Russia's Czar then allowed for their first parliement known as the Duma |
| How did Kerensky lose support? | Kernsky losses his support by keeping Russia in the war because they no longer wanted to fight and he also had food shortages because of this which led to the lose of many supporters |
| Who fought the civil war and why would Lenins slogan get the peasent support? | The malshieviks and the Bolsheviks and Lenins slogan got the pesants support b/c farmland would be given to them along with the control of factories and along with knowing that their will be a meal on the table at home |
| What changes to Lenin make? | He rebuilt the Russian economy by allowing for some private ownership. He changed the government forming a new nations known as the soviet union. It was run by Communist party |
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