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Chapter 5 lesson 1
Science test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the chemical and physical processes that change objects on Earth's surface over time? | Weathering |
| What helps to break up rocks into smaller pieces over thousands of years? | Weathering |
| What happens during mechanical weathering? | Physical processes break up rocks into smaller pieces |
| Does mechanical weathering change the make up of the rock? | No |
| What happens to the total surface area when mechanical weathering breaks up a large rock into smaller pieces? | The total surface area of the rock increases |
| What holds more water and nutrients sandy or clay soil? | Clay soil holds more water and nutrients |
| Why does clay soil hold more water and nutrients? | Clay soil consists of smaller particles that have more surface area |
| What happens during ice wedging? | Water enters into cracks in rocks and freezes |
| What happens to water during ice wedging? | The water expands when it freezes and makes the cracks larger |
| What is it called when rocks grind away by friction or impact? | Abrasion |
| What else can cause mechanical weathering? | Plants growing in a crack or animals burrowing through loose rock |
| What happens during chemical weathering? | The materials that make up rocks are changed into new material |
| What is an important agent of chemical weathering and why? | Water and because most substances dissolve in water |
| What is a more powerful agent of chemical weathering-water or acid? | Acid |
| The measure of acidity is called what? | Ph |
| What do you call a ph less than 7? | Neutral |
| Why does rain weather rock? | Because rain is slightly acidic |
| What is acid rain? | Rain that contains pollutants that make its pH less than 5 |
| What happens during oxidation? | Oxygen combines with other elements or molecules |
| During oxidation where does most of the oxygen come from? | The air |
| What is the product of oxidation? | Oxide/rust |
| Why are oxides useful? | They form ores which people use to obtain metals |
| Which part of a rock oxidizes the most because it has more contact with oxygen in the air? | The outer layer |
| What do mechanical and chemical weathering depend on? | Humidity and temperature |
| When does mechanical weathering occur the most? | In areas where the temperature changes a lot-expanding and contracting |
| Where does chemical weathering occur? | In areas where the climate is warm and wet |
| Where does weathering occur the fastest? | In regions near the equator |
| What affects how fast weathering occurs? | The type of rock |
| What determines how quickly the rock weathers? | The most easily weathered mineral |
Created by:
jacksterner