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ch 17 vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
common-ion effect | a shift of an equilibrium induced by an ion common to the equilibrium |
buffered solution (buffers) | a solution that undergoes a limited change in ph upon addition of a small amount of acid or base |
buffer capacity | the amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize before the pH begins to change appreciably |
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation | the relationship among the pH, pKa, and the concentrations of acids and conjugate base in an aqueous solution pH = pKa + long [base]/[acid] |
pH titration curve | a graph of pH as a function of added titrant |
solubility-product constant (solubility product) (Ksp) | an equilibrium constant related to the equilibrium between a solid salt and its ions in solution. it provides a quantitative measure of the solubility of a slightly soluble salt |
complex ion | an assembly of a metal ion and the lewis bases bonded to it |
formation constant | for a metal ion complex, the equilibrium constant for formation of the complex from the metal ion and base species present in solution. it is a measure of the tendency of the complex to form |
Amphoteric oxides and hydroxides | oxides and hydroxides that can behave as an acid or a base |
qualitative analysis | the determination of the presence or absence of a particular substance in a mixture |
quantitative analysis | the determination of the amount of a given substance that is present in a sample |