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CU1 Definitions
atomic number | number of protons (or electrons) in an atom |
mass number | protons + neutrons in nucleus of atom |
ionic bond | electrostatic force between positively and negatively charged ions |
covalent bond | between two atoms that share one or more pairs of electrons |
smelting | heating a metal ore to extract its metal |
phytomining | process of extraction of metals from ores using plants |
bioleaching | process of extraction of metals from ores using microorganisms |
transition metal | found in central block of periodic table, has typical metallic properties |
fractional distillation | a way to separated liquids from a mixture of liquids by boiling them off at different temps then condensing and collecting |
fractions | hydrocarbons with similar boiling points from crude oil. |
cracking | used to break down large hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones. Hydrocarbon vapour is passed over hot catalyst or mixed with steam and heated to high temp. |
double bond | covalent bond made by the sharing of two pairs of electrons |
polymer | made up of repeating units of monomers |
monomer | small reactive molecules that react together to form a larger molecule (polymer) |
polymerisation | reactions of using monomers to make a polymer |
hydrophilic | water loving |
hydrophobic | water hating |