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Informational Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Analogy | A point-by-point comparison made between two things to show how they are alike. |
| Argument | A position supported by evidence. |
| Bias | A leaning in favor of or against a person or issue. |
| Cause and Effect | A cause is the event that makes something happen. An effect is what happens as a result of the cause. |
| Chronological Order | When writers put events in a sequence of when they happened. |
| Compare-and-Contrast Pattern | Comparing is to look for similarities, Contrasting is to look for differences. |
| Connotation and Denotation | Connotation of a word is all the feelings attached to the word. Denotation is the dictionary definition. |
| Context Clues | When you don't know the meaning of the word you look for clues in the text. |
| Evidence | When you judge persuasive text you use evidence from the text |
| Fact and Opinion | A fact is a statement that can be proven true. An opinion expresses a personal belief or feeling. |
| Fallacious Reasoning | False reasoning |
| 5W-How? | Who, What, When, Where, Why, How |
| Generalization | A broad statement that covers several particular situations |
| Graphic Features | Design elements in the text |
| Images | Mental images, or pictures created in a reader's mind |
| Inference | An inference is an educated guess, a conclusion that makes sense because it's supported by evidence |
| Instruction Manuals | Instruction manuals tell you how to operate a specific device |
| Kwl Chart | A chart to focus your reading and record what you learn |
| Main Idea | The most important point or focus of a passage |
| Newspapers | Informal texts that present facts about current events. |
| Objective Writing | Writing that does not portray the feelings, beliefs, or point of view of the writer. |
| Outlining | A visual summary of the text |
| Persuasion | Persuasion is the use of language or pictures to convince us to think or act in a certain way. |
| Predictions | Guessing what will happen in a narrative text next. |
| Propaganda | An organized attempt to influence a large audience |
| Purposes of Texts | Purpose for why something is written. |
| Reading Rate | The speed at which a person reads. |
| Retelling | Something to help you identify and remember events that advance the plot of the story. |
| SQ3R | A type of reading study strategy: survey, question, read, retell, and review |
| Signs | Something that displays specific information, often by using eye-catching colors and shapes to send its message. |
| Stereotyping | Referring to all members of a group as if they were all the same. |
| Subjective Writing | Writing that reveals and emphasizes the writer's personal feelings and opinions |
| Summarizing | Restating the main ideas or major events in a text. |
| Text Structures | Different types of ways writers can structure information. |
| Textbooks | Informational texts written to help students learn about a subject. |
| Writer's Perspective | The way the writer looks at a subject. |
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same or very similar consonant sounds in words that are close together. |
| Allusion | A reference to a statement, a person, a place, or an event from literature, history, religion, mythology, politics, sports, or science. |
| Atmosphere | The overall mood or emotion of a work of literature. |
| Autobiography | The story of a person's life, written or told by the person. |
| Biography | The story of a real person's life, written or told by another person. |
| Conflict | A struggle or clash between opposing characters or opposing forces. |
| Connotation | The feelings and associations that a word suggests. |
| Denotation | The literal, dictionary definition of a word. |
| Description | The kind of writing that creates a clear image of something, usually by using details that appeal to one or more of the senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste. |
| Dialect | A way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular region or group of people. |
| Dialogue | A conversation between two or more characters. |
| Drama | A story written to be acted for an audience. |
| Essay | A short piece of nonfiction prose that examines a single subject. |
| Fable | A brief story in prose or verse that teaches a moral or gives a practical lesson about how to get along in life. |
| Fiction | A prose account that is made up. |
| Figure of Speech | A word or phrase that describes one thing in terms of something else and is not literally true. |
| Flashback | An interruption in the action of a plot to tell what happened at an earlier time. |
| Folk Tale | A story with no known author hat originally as passed on from one generation to another by word of mouth. |
| Foreshadowing | The use of clues to suggest events that will happen later in the plot. |
| Free Verse | Poetry without a regular meter or a rhyme scheme. |
| Imagery | Language that appeals to the senses. |
| Irony | In general, a contrast between expectation and reality. |
| Main Idea | The most important idea expressed in a paragraph or in an entire essay. |
| Metamorphosis | A marvelous change from one she or form to another one. |
| Metaphor | An imaginative comparison between two unlike things in which one thing is said to be another thing. |
| Mood | The overall emotion created by a work of literature. |
| Motivation | See Character |
| Myth | A story that explains something about the world and typically involves gods or other superhuman beings. |
| Nonfiction | Prose writing that deals with real people, events, and places without changing any facts. |
| Novel | A fictional story that is usually more the one hundred book pages long. |
| Onomatopoeia | The use of words whose sounds echo their sense. |
| Personification | A figure of speech in which a nonhuman or nonliving thing or quality is talked about as if it were human or alive. |
| Plot | The series of related events that make up a story. |
| Poetry | A kind of rhythmic, compressed language that uses figures of speech and imagery designed to appeal to emotion and imagination. |
| Point of View | The vantage point from which the story is told |
| Refrain | A group of words repeated at intervals in a poem, song, or speech. |
| Rhyme | The repetition of accented vowel sounds and all sounds following them in words close together in a poem. |
| Rhythm | A musical quality produced by the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables or by the repetition of certain other sound patterns. |
| Setting | The time and place in which the events of a work of literature take place. |
| Short Story | A fictional prose narrative that is usually ten to twenty book pages long. |
| Simile | A comparison between two unlike things, using a word such as like, as, than, or resembles. |
| Speaker | The voice talking in a poem. |
| Stanza | In a poem a group of consecutive lines that form a single unit. |
| Suspense | The uncertainty or anxiety you feel about what will happen next in a story. |
| Symbol | A person, a place, a thing, or an event that has its own meaning and stands for something beyond itself as well. |
| Tall Tale | An exaggerated, fanciful story that gets "taller and taller", more and more far-fetched, the more it is told and retold. |
| Theme | The truth about life repealed in a work of literature. |
| Tone | The attitude that a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character. |
Created by:
jemam724
Popular English Vocabulary sets