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Periodic Table
Prentic Hall Science Explorer Chemical building Blocks, Chapter 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atomic mass | The average mass of one atom of an element |
| periodic table | A chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties |
| nucleus | The central core of an atom containing protons and usually neutrons |
| proton | A small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| neutron | A small particle in the nucleus of the atom with no electrical charge |
| electron | A tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus of of an atom |
| atomic mass unit (amu) | A unit used to measure the mass of particles in atoms; a proton or neutron has a mass of one amu. |
| atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| chemical symbol | A one- or two-letter representation of an element. |
| group | Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a family |
| family | Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called groups |
| period | A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
| valence electron | One of the electrons farthest away from the nucleus of the atom; these electrons are involved in a chemical reaction. |
| malleable | a term used to describe material that can be hammered or rolled into a shape |
| ductile | A term used to describe a material that can be pulled into a long wire. |
| conductor | A substance that transmits heat or electricity easily. |
| magnetic | A characteristic of those metals that are attracted to magnets and can be made into magnets. |
| reactivity | The ease and speed with which an element or compound combines with other elements and compounds. |
| corrosion | The gradual wearing away of a metal element due to a chemical reaction. |
| alloy | A mixture of two or more metals. |
| alkali metal | An element in Group 1 of the Periodic table. |
| alkaline earth metal | An element in group 2 of the periodic table. |
| transition metal | An element in Group 3 of the periodic table. |
| lanthanides | An element in the first row of the rare earth elements in the periodic table. |
| actinides | An element in the second row of the rare earth elements of the periodic table |
| nonmetal | An element that lacks most of the properties of the properties of a metal. |
| diatomic molecule | A molecule composed of two atoms of the same element |
| halogen family | The elements in groups 17 of the periodic table |
| noble gases | The elements in group 18 of the periodic table. |
| metalloid | An element that has some of the characteristics of a metal and some of a nonmetal. On the zigzag line of the periodic table. |
| semiconductor | An element that can conduct electricity under some conditions. |
Created by:
moschiemann
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