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kinetics of chem
terms and definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When a catalyst is added to a system at equilibrium, a decrease occurs in the | activation energy |
| reactions which have a negative H are said to be | exothermic |
| the end result of an increase in temperature and concentration will increase the | the rate of a chemical reaction |
| In a chemical reaction, a catalyst changes the | activation energy |
| when The rate of the forward reaction is equal to than the rate of the reverse reaction. | the system reaches equilibrium |
| raising the temperature of the solvent will | increase the solubility of a compound in water |
| a measure of the disorder or randomness (lack of order) of a system | Entropy |
| Chemical Kinetics studies the rate of a | chemical reaction |
| the reaction rate increases as the temperature | increases |
| the particles have more energy, move faster and collide more often when there is an increase or decrease in temperature | increase |
| reactions can happen if the colliding particles have enough | energy |
| Reactions stop when one or more of the reactants is | used up |
| Powdered magnesium reacts faster than magnesium ribbon, with HCl acid because it has a bigger | surface area. |
| Powdered marble at a high temperature will react faster than marble chips or powder at a | lower temperature |
| during a reaction resulting in the breakdown of Hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen; If manganese dioxide is acting as a catalyst, what happens to its mass during the reaction. | will stay the same |
| concentration measured by the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent | molarity |
| Energy an object has due to its motion | kinetic energy |
| The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start | energy of activation |
| the amount of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction | |
| a mathematical equation that describes the progress of the reaction | |
| The change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time | |
| reaction rate formula | reaction rate = change in Molarity/time for change |
| reaction rates of chemical reactions are fastest when the concentration of the reactants is | greatest |
| reaction rates decrease as the concentrations of the reactants | decrease |
| The change in the concentration, mass or volume of the reactants or products at the start of the reaction ia known as the | initial rate of reaction |
| if a chemical reaction is to occur reactant particles must | collide |
| an increase in reaction particles will increase the rate of reaction by increasing the number of | collisions in a given time |
| lowering concentration of reaction molecules | lowers the rate of chemical reactions |
| raising concentration of reactant molecules will | raise the rate of chemical reactions |
| every 10 degree rise in temperature of a chemical reaction the reaction rate | doubles |
| A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat | exothermic reaction |
| A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat | endothermic |
| substances that increase reaction rate without becoming a part of the reaction | Catalysts |
| A function that depends only on the initial and final states of a system, not on the path in between. | |
| a catalysts added to a chemical reaction, increases the rate of reaction by providing a pathway which has a | |
| a catalyst that exists in the same phase as the reacting species liquid in a liquid | |
| A catalyst that is in a different phase from that of the reactant substances. e.g solid in a liquid | |
| provide a surface upon which one or more of the reactants are adsorbed | |
| Catalysts for chemical reactions in living things | |
| What are enzymes classified as? | |
| smaller molecules that are capable of binding or interfering with the active site of the protein. | inhibitors |
| the slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps |
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rufuspat
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