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kinetics of chem

terms and definitions

QuestionAnswer
When a catalyst is added to a system at equilibrium, a decrease occurs in the activation energy
reactions which have a negative H are said to be exothermic
the end result of an increase in temperature and concentration will increase the the rate of a chemical reaction
In a chemical reaction, a catalyst changes the activation energy
when The rate of the forward reaction is equal to than the rate of the reverse reaction. the system reaches equilibrium
raising the temperature of the solvent will increase the solubility of a compound in water
a measure of the disorder or randomness (lack of order) of a system Entropy
Chemical Kinetics studies the rate of a chemical reaction
the reaction rate increases as the temperature increases
the particles have more energy, move faster and collide more often when there is an increase or decrease in temperature increase
reactions can happen if the colliding particles have enough energy
Reactions stop when one or more of the reactants is used up
Powdered magnesium reacts faster than magnesium ribbon, with HCl acid because it has a bigger surface area.
Powdered marble at a high temperature will react faster than marble chips or powder at a lower temperature
during a reaction resulting in the breakdown of Hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen; If manganese dioxide is acting as a catalyst, what happens to its mass during the reaction. will stay the same
concentration measured by the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent molarity
Energy an object has due to its motion kinetic energy
The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start energy of activation
the amount of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction
a mathematical equation that describes the progress of the reaction
The change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time
reaction rate formula reaction rate = change in Molarity/time for change
reaction rates of chemical reactions are fastest when the concentration of the reactants is greatest
reaction rates decrease as the concentrations of the reactants decrease
The change in the concentration, mass or volume of the reactants or products at the start of the reaction ia known as the initial rate of reaction
if a chemical reaction is to occur reactant particles must collide
an increase in reaction particles will increase the rate of reaction by increasing the number of collisions in a given time
lowering concentration of reaction molecules lowers the rate of chemical reactions
raising concentration of reactant molecules will raise the rate of chemical reactions
every 10 degree rise in temperature of a chemical reaction the reaction rate doubles
A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat exothermic reaction
A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat endothermic
substances that increase reaction rate without becoming a part of the reaction Catalysts
A function that depends only on the initial and final states of a system, not on the path in between.
a catalysts added to a chemical reaction, increases the rate of reaction by providing a pathway which has a
a catalyst that exists in the same phase as the reacting species liquid in a liquid
A catalyst that is in a different phase from that of the reactant substances. e.g solid in a liquid
provide a surface upon which one or more of the reactants are adsorbed
Catalysts for chemical reactions in living things
What are enzymes classified as?
smaller molecules that are capable of binding or interfering with the active site of the protein. inhibitors
the slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps
Created by: rufuspat
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