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Naplex Calculations
Calculations from RX Prep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do you calculate the anion gap? | Anion Gap (AN) = Na+ - Cl- - HCO3- |
| When is an anion gap considered high? (meaning the patient has a gap acidosis) | If the gap is > 12 mEq/L |
| What is the equation used to solve for pH? (known as the Henderson-Hasselbalch or buffer equation) | pH = pKa + log (salt/acid) pH = pKa + log (base/salt) |
| What is the equation for calculating the percent ionization of a weak acid? | % ionization = 100/(1+10^(pka-ph)) Change equation to pH-pHa for weak bases |
| What is the sensitivity requirement (SR) of a Class A balance? | 6 mg |
| How do you calculate the minimum weighable quantity (MWQ) that can be weighed accurately on a scale? | MWQ = SR/% of error Remember that a class A balance has a SR of 6 mg. The maximum percentage of error is 5%, but some problems may suggest to use other percentages of error. |
| What are the steps for measuring an aliquot? | 1. Calculate the MWQ 2. Divide MWQ by the total amount of drug needed. This will provide the multiple quantity. 3. Dilute the multiple quantity from step #2 with an inert substance by using the same multiple from step #2. 3. Weigh out the aliquiot part |
| How many ounces are in a cup? | 8 oz |
| How many mL are in a pint? | 473 mL |
| How many quarts are in a gallon? | 4 quarts |
| How many pints are in a quart? | 2 pints |
| How many mg are in a grain (gr)? | 65 mg |
| How many pounds are in a kilogram? | 2.2 pounds |
| How many cm in an inch? | 2.54 cm |
| How do you convert from aminophylline to theophylline? | Multiply aminophilline dose by 0.8 |
| What is the equation for BMI? | BMI = weight (kg) / height (m2) |
| What is considered a normal BMI range? | 18.5 - 24.9 |
| What BMI would be considered obese? | A BMI >/= 30 |
| What does the BUN/SCr ratio tell you? | A BUN/SCr ratio > 20 indicates dehydration |
| What is the formula for estimating renal function (Cockrot-Gault)? | CrCl = (140-age)/(72XSCr) X wt in kg (X 0.85 in females) |
| What weight do you plug into the cockroft-gault eequation for someone with a BMI from 18.5-24.9 (normal weight)? | Use IBW for someone who is normal weight. |
| What is the equation for AdjBW? | AdjBW = IBW + 0.4(TBW-IBW) |
| What is the equation for specific gravity? | SG = weight (g)/ volume (mL) |
| How many calories/gram of carbs? | 4 kcal/g |
| How many calories/gram of fat? | 9 kcal/g |
| How many calories/gram of protein? | 4 kcal/g |
| How many kcal/gram in dextrose monohydrate (PN)? | 3.4 kcal/g |
| How many kcal/mL in IV fat emulsion 10%? 20%? 30%? | IVFE 10% = 1.1kcal/mL IVFE 20% = 2 kcal/mL IVFE 30% = 3 kcal/mL |
| How many kcal/gram in amino acid solutions (aminosyn, freamine, etc)? | 4 kcal/g |
| What equation do you use to determine fluid needs (in pts over 20 kg)? | When weight > 20 kg: 1,500 mL + (20mL)(Wt in Kg - 20 kg) |
| What are the protein requirements for normal ambulatory, non-hospitalized people? | 0.8-1 g/kg/day |
| What are the protein requirements for hospitalized or malnourished patients? | 1.2-2 g/kg/day |
| What equation determines the amount of grams of nitrogen from protein? | Nitrogen intake = grams of protein intake/6.25 |
| What is the equation for calculating corrected calcium levels? | Ca (corrected) = Ca+ + ((4.0-albumin) X 0.8) |
| What should be added first to a TPN? Calcium or Phosphate? | Add phosphate first, then other ingredients, then add calcium last. This is to avoid precipitation due to binding. |
| How do you convert degrees Farenheit to celsius? | C = (F-32)/1.8 |
| What are the differences between calcium citrate and calcium carbonate? | calcium carbonate contains 40% elemental calcium, taken with meals, smaller tablet size. can interact with antacids calcium citrate contains 21% elemental calcium and bigger tablet size. |
| How do you calculate the absolute neutrophil count (ANC)? | ANC (cells/mm3) = WBC X (%segs + %bands) |
| What is the equation for osmolarity? (mOsmol/L) | mOsm/L = Wt of substance (g/L)/MW (g-mole) X (# of particles) X 1,000 |
| What is the average lifespan of RBCs? | 120 days |
Created by:
chilangberto