Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APG Ch 7
mass media
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Out of 94 countries, a study revealed only this many enjoyed a high degree of freedom of the press? | 2. 16 |
| 3. What could be said of a comparison between France and Britain to the United States concerning freedom of the press? | 4. There are more restrictions on media in France and Britain |
| 5. What is different about ownership of radio and TV stations in the United States compared to most other nations? | 6. Most are privately owned in the US |
| 7. What is the nature of private ownership in the US? | 8. Much of it is local although not as much as in the past |
| 9. What law mostly guarantees that nonstrategic information will become public record? | 10. Freedom of Information Act |
| 11. What do you call politics in which the behavior of citizens and policymakers is shaped by technology? | 12. High-tech politics |
| 13. When and where was the first daily newspaper printed in America? | 14. 1783 Philadelphia |
| 15. When were newspapers primarily financed by political parties and politicians? | 16. In the early days of the U.S. Republic |
| 17. How would you describe the newspapers of the early Republic? | 18. Partisan and expensive and read only by political elites |
| 19. When did daily newspapers finally become common? | 20. Mid 1800s |
| 21. What factors led to common daily newspapers? | 22. Rotary press, telegraph, Associated Press, paid advertising |
| 23. What is staged by a campaign expressly to have it covered by the press? | 24. Media event |
| 25. What percentage of presidential campaign spending is for TV ads? | 26. 60% |
| 27. What presidency increased the emphasis on presidential media appearances? | 28. Reagan’s presidency |
| 29. What were some key aspects to Reagan’s use of the media? | 30. Control the flow of information, control what was discussed, stay on offense |
| 31. What trick was Reagan famous for in avoiding reporters’ questions? | 32. Having the helicopter drown out questions asked by the media |
| 33. Who was the first President to create a lounge for reporters in the West Wing of the White House? | 34. TR, Teddy Roosevelt |
| 35. What President ended the practice of reporters’ questions being submitted in writing and began accepting direct questions? | 36. FDR |
| 37. What President began to use frequent press conferences and radio broadcast speeches? | 38. FDR |
| 39. What do we call the speeches FDR made over the radio? | 40. Fireside chats |
| 41. What did reporters choose not to report about FDR? | 42. He was frail and in a wheelchair |
| 43. What trick did FDR use to reduce the size of Thomas Dewey’s audience on a radio address? | 44. He chose to remain silent in the last minute of his time to fool people into thinking the signal was down |
| 45. How many press conferences did FDR have? | 46. Over 1,000 |
| 47. What events caused the relationship between politicians and the press become more adversarial? | 48. Vietnam War and Watergate |
| 49. What is a better way to describe the relationship between the press and politicians than symbiotic or adversarial? | 50. What is a better way to describe the relationship between the press and politicians than symbiotic or adversarial? |
| 51. What does the press use politicians for? | 52. Entertainment and information |
| 53. What do you call press reporting of scandals revealed through detective-style work? | 54. Investigative reporting |
| 55. How are contemporary reporters predisposed toward government? | 56. They are cynical/skeptical |
| 57. Who was the last President to enjoy a less adversarial press which chose not to report his numerous affairs? | 58. JFK |
| 59. What kind of press reporting did Pulitzer and Hearst bring about? | 60. Yellow journalism |
| 61. What is yellow journalism? | 62. Reporting wars, violence, corruption, and gossip (19th Century) |
| 63. Who coined the term muckraker for use in a political sense? | 64. TR, Teddy Roosevelt |
| 65. What war did Hearst help push the U.S. into? | 66. Spanish-American War |
| 67. Why did Yellow Journalism die down? | 68. Middle-class demand for reform and the growing education of the readers |
| 69. What were the positive effects of yellow journalism? | 70. Creating a national culture, making the press more independent, making criticism of policy interesting |
| 71. In the past, coverage of Presidential Candidates was more descriptive. Now, the press tends to emphasize this in reporting on them. | 72. Analysis |
| 73. What is the Associated Press? | 74. A wire service |
| 75. Why does the Associated Press need to be nonpartisan? | 76. It serves papers of all political stripes |
| 77. What has more newsgathering ability than any other news organization? | 78. Associated Press |
| 79. What were some of the earliest news magazines? | 80. The Nation, the Atlantic, Harper’s |
| 81. What serves as the nation’s most influential newspaper, its “newspaper of record”? | 82. New York Times |
| 83. What do most medium and small market newspapers rely on for national and world news? | 84. Associated Press |
| 85. In 1960 1 newspaper was printed for every two adults in the U.S. How many adults are there in the United States for every newspaper now? | 86. Four |
| 87. What do most people use as their source of news today? | 88. Broadcast media |
| 89. What make up the broadcast media? | 90. Television, radio, internet |
| 91. Why do radio and TV require government licensing? | 92. There are a limited number of frequencies |
| 93. What agency oversees licensing of radio and TV stations? | 94. Federal Communication Commission or FCC |
| 95. Who is more strictly regulated, the print media or broadcast media? | 96. Broadcast media |
| 97. What were broadcast media required to do? | 98. Right of reply to an attack or the endorsement of an opponent |
| 99. Why do debates have to be sponsored by a third party and covered as a news event? | 100. To control the number of debaters involved |
| 101. What was the first medium that allowed Presidents an unfiltered, direct means of communicating with the masses? | 102. Radio |
| 103. What vice-presidential candidate used his dog Checkers to help deflect accusations in a televised speech? | 104. Nixon |
| 105. When were Presidential Debates first televised? | 106. 1960 |
| 107. In the 1960 Kennedy-Nixon debate who won on television and who won on radio? | 108. JFK on TV, Nixon on radio |
| 109. What likely cost Nixon in his televised debate with JFK on TV? | 110. His appearance; sickly, sweating, beard stubble |
| 111. How many of American newspapers are owned by large corporations today? | 112. Four of five |
| 113. What source of political news and opinion are pretty much reserved for an educated elite? | 114. News magazines |
| 115. When did television become crucially important in political campaigns? | 116. 1960 |
| 117. What was the first heavily televised war? | 118. Vietnam War |
| 119. What did George W. Bush frequently watch during the early Afghanistan conflict? | 120. CNN |
| 121. What exposed the disconnect between the government’s view of the conduct of the Vietnam War and the government’s dishonesty and the reality? | 122. Television coverage |
| 123. What network was the pioneer of a 24 hour news channel on cable? | 124. CNN |
| 125. What kind of news media are people most skeptical of? | 126. What the read in newspapers |
| 127. What age group of adults is least likely to follow the news? | 128. 18-24 years |
| 129. What do you call media programming aimed at a small section of the overall potential audience? | 130. Narrowcasting |
| 131. What part of broadcast media do most people get their news from? | 132. Television |
| 133. What do commercial networks tend to define the news as? | 134. What is entertaining to viewers |
| 135. What do you call specific locations where news comes from that reporters get assigned to cover? | 136. Beats |
| 137. What percentage of the nation’s daily newspaper circulation do large media conglomerates control? | 138. Over 50% |
| 139. What drives how journalists define the news, present the news, and find the news? | 140. Profit |
| 141. What is news? | 142. What is timely and different |
| 143. What level of sophistication is news tailored to? | 144. Low level of sophistication |
| 145. What group has a symbiotic relationship with reporters? | 146. Official sources |
| 147. What do you call the method used by public figures of leaking stories to see what the political reaction will be? | 148. Trial balloons |
| 149. What encourages leaks in the U.S.? | 150. Separate branches of government, decentralization, it is legal to print most government secrets |
| 151. What did reporters criticize concerning the first Persian Gulf War? | 152. Their limited freedom of movement and limited access to military information |
| 153. What is the best description of most news coverage? | 154. Superficial |
| 155. What new approach to war coverage was established with the 2003 Iraq War? | 156. Embedding reporters with units |
| 157. How long is most TV news analysis over a story? | 158. Less than one minute |
| 159. What type of media tends to lack the most depth in analysis in its reporting? | 160. TV |
| 161. What has happened as information can be spread at greater speed? | 162. News has been less complete |
| 163. What are short clips of a political speech that lasts 15 seconds or less | 164. Sound bites |
| 165. What is the most important part of a sound bite? | 166. A catchy line |
| 167. What did CBS news promise to do in 1992 only to find it was unworkable? | 168. Give more time to speeches by policymakers |
| 169. What was the average sound bite length for a presidential candidate in 2000? | 170. Less than 10 seconds |
| 171. What is a good way for a member of Congress to get free coverage on TV? | 172. Attack the President |
| 173. How has TV news coverage changed in the last 20 years? | 174. Rise in cable news has reduced the influence of the Big 3 networks |
| 175. What is the least competitive part of the news media today? | 176. Newspapers |
| 177. When did the trend begin of less and less time for presidential candidates to speak on TV? | 178. In the 1960s |
| 179. What were journalists in 2002 twice as likely to be than the general population? | 180. Liberal |
| 181. How many journalists were Republican in 2002? | 182. 19% |
| 183. How many journalists were Democrats in 2002? | 184. 37% |
| 185. What is the overriding bias in the news? | 186. Toward drawing large audiences |
| 187. What limits bias in reporting? | 188. The need to seem objective, the tendency to present opposing viewpoints, professionalism |
| 189. What do you call a shot of a person speaking directly into a television camera? | 190. Talking head |
| 191. How interesting do viewers find talking heads? | 192. Very little |
| 193. Why does news chiefly fail to mirror reality? | 194. Stories are selected that will draw the largest audience |
| 195. What did early studies on the effect of media on public opinion conclude? | 196. That it had a minimal effect |
| 197. How is the “minimal effects hypothesis” criticized? | 198. It failed to acknowledge that media help shape priorities to problems for the public |
| 199. What is media least effective in influencing? | 200. How people vote |
| 201. What do you call the list of issues to which policymakers and the public are paying serious attention to at any given time? | 202. Policy agenda |
| 203. What do you call the cues the media give the public about what is important to be concerned about? | 204. Agenda-setting |
| 205. What do we call the role of the media to set the agenda? | 206. Gatekeeping |
| 207. Who are most influenced by agenda-setting? | 208. The politically knowledgeable who are most trusting of the media |
| 209. What do you call the people who invest their political “capital” in a particular issue? | 210. Policy entrepreneurs |
| 211. Who make up policy entrepreneurs? | 212. Elected officials, bureaucrats, interest groups, parties, occasionally individuals |
| 213. How does the media encourage the government to take on more and more tasks? | 214. By its reporting of social problems |
| 215. What has television news broadcasting of the political process reinforced more than anything else? | 216. Individualism |
| 217. What institution receives the most coverage in national politics? | 218. How did broadcast media contribute to a decline in party loyalty? |
| 219. Made it easier for politicians to create personal followings | 220. Presidency |
| 221. What is an advantage of newspapers over TV and Radio for political candidates? | 222. It is less expensive |
| 223. How does the media help restrict politicians? | 224. Its role as watchdog |
| 225. What is the political orientation of the press? | 226. Reformist |
| 227. When a network declares a presidential candidate the winner of a debate, what role is it fulfilling? | 228. Scorekeeper |
| 229. How can the media prevent a candidate from winning the Presidency? | 230. By not reporting on their campaign |
| 231. What do we call an emphasis on scorekeeper reporting by the media? | 232. Horse-race coverage |
| 233. When journalists expose scandals and investigate personalities they are fulfilling what role? | 234. Watchdogs |
| 235. When comparing newspaper and TV journalists, which group has more income but less freedom in what they report? | 236. TV journalists |
| 237. What limits the influence of the media on the public by an individual’s tendency to tune out things they don’t agree with? | 238. Selective attention |
| 239. What channel allows a person to closely follow the activity of the House of Representatives on and around the floor? | 240. C-Span |
| 241. How long has there been significant live coverage of House committees? | 242. Since 1974; since House Judiciary Committee on Nixon impeachment |
Created by:
Mr McNair