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ch 16 vocab

TermDefinition
hydronium ion (H3O+) the predominant form of the proton in aqueous solution
Bronsted-Lowry acid a substance (molecule or ion) that acts as a proton donor
Bronsted-Lowry base A substance (molecule or ion) that acts as a proton acceptor
amphiprotic refers to the capacity of a substance to act as either an acid or a base
conjugate base a substance formed by the loss of a proton fro a Bronsted-Lowry acid
conjugate acid a substance formed by the addition of a proton to a Bronsted-Lowry base
conjugate acid-base pair An acid and a base, such as H2O and OH-, that differ only in the presence or absence of a proton
autoionization the process whereby water spontaneously forms low concentrations of H+(aq) and OH-(aq) ions by proton transfer from one water molecule to another
ion-product constant for water, K sub w is the product of the aquated hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentrations
pH the negative log in base 10 of the aquated hydrogen ion concentration : pH= -log[H+]
acid-dissociation constant (K sub a) an equilibrium constant that expresses the extent to which an acid transfers a proton to solvent water
polyprotic acid a substance capable of dissociating more than one proton in water
base-dissociation constant (K sub b) an equilibrium constant that expresses the extent to which a base reacts with solvent water, accepting a proton and forming OH-(aq)
hydrolysis a reaction with water. when a cation or an anion reacts with water, it changes the pH
oxyacid a compound in which one or more OH groups, and possibly additional oxygen atoms are bonded to a central atom
carboxylic acid a compound that contains the -- COOH functional group
Lewis acid an electron-pair acceptor
Lewis base an electron-pair donor
Created by: agloskowski
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