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bio 205 first exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of these is NOT universal for all prokaryotes? | cell wall |
| Why is resolution or resolving power important when using a microscope? | it is the ability to show detail or distinguish two separate parts |
| Most bacterial cells are measured using what metric system? | micrometers (um) |
| What was first used to catalog organisms into one of three domains? | ribosomal RNA genes |
| What is the name for putting organisms into categories based on common characteristics? | taxonomy |
| Why is generation time important for bacteria? | a short generation time makes incubation time shorter for an infection |
| A bacterium that grows only at the top of a thioglycollate broth tube should be classified as | aerobic |
| A nutrient medium that has all of its components identified and their precise concentrations known would be called: | synthetic |
| An example of a glycocalyx is | a capsule |
| The bacterial cell membrane functions in? | site for energy reactions; cell division; cell wall synthesis; respiration; all of the above |
| Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called: | endoflagella |
| An organism isolated from a hot spring in an acidic environment is most likely a member of which group? | Crenarchaeota |
| A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has: | flagella |
| Which structure is used for bacterial conjugation? | sex pili |
| Which is a genus with Gram positive bacteria? | Firmicutes |
| What is the function of the cell envelope? | protection from osmotic pressure |
| Relative to a Gram + cell, a Gram - cell wall will | contain an outer membrane on the surface of the thin peptidoglycan layer |
| One indirect way to determine microbial growth is using a _____. | spectrophotometer |
| What is a characteristic of differential media? | all species grow, but show visible differences in colonies |
| At what stage in the bacterial growth curve are there no cell divisions occurring, because the bacteria are adapting to their new environment? | lag phase |
| Which environment matches an acidophile? | pickles |
| What are organisms called that can live under the oceans at tremendous depths? | barophiles |
| Why are bacteria considered to be the most diverse organisms on the planet? | All of these are examples of their diversity |
| One way to get a pure culture is by using _____. | streak-plate method |
| Which scientist finally disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? | Louis Pastuer |
| Which group has either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and they cannot replicate a host cell? | viruses |
| Which early microbiologist was most responsible for growing organisms with sterile laboratory techniques and found the bacteria that causes anthrax? | Robert koch |
| What are helminths? | worms |
| The following are parts of the scientific method EXCEPT? | speculation |
| What is the process called where dried smallpox scabs were put under the skin? | variolation |
| Which scientist in 1910, discovered a chemical, salvorsan (sulfa) that could inhibit the growth of bacteria and was the first cure of syphilis? | Paul Erlich |
| To disprove spontaneous generation------ put meat in two jars and covered one with gauze and left open to the air. Maggots and flies were only in the open jar, through the meat in both jars rotted. | Francesco Redi |
| The following are part scientific method EXCEPT: | speculation |
| The term used to describe a disease causing microorganism is a/an | pathogen |
| Which of the following stains is most likely to be used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of TB? | acid-fast stain |
| What would be the most immediate result of the destruction of a cell's ribosomes? | protein synthesis would stop |
| What is the second word in a binomial or species name called | specific epithet |
| If you wanted to classify microorganisms you would first use a _________ slide preparation. | Gram Stain |
| How do bacterial cells in biofilms communicate with each other? | by quorum sensing |
| Which of the following organelles is used in Eukaryotic cells to produce ATP? | mitochondria |
| Which description best matches the environment of a thermophile? | hot springs |
| The initial flat line period of small is in which phase? | lag |
| How do most bacteria divide? | by binary fission |
| The bacterial cell is capable of | all of the above are correct |
| Which is mismatched? | plasmids - genes essential for growth and metabolism |
| Which of the following does NOT apply to the cell wall? | functions in aerobic respiration |
| What are the short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering (sticking)to surfaces called? | pili |
| What is the major locomotor (movement) structure in bacteria? | flagella |
| Which of the following is NOT a basic shape of a bacterium? | tetrad |
| Which of the following shapes of bacteria describe Staphylococcus? | ball-shaped |
| Which group of organism would include the methanogens? | Domain Archaea |
| Which of the following bacteria is photosynthetic? | Cyanobacteria |
| Although negative staining does not reveal as much internal clarity as does heat-fixed, stained smears, negative staining excels in: | visualizing cell capsules |
| Which of the following stains uses only one dye? | simple stain |
| An Obligate aerobe require------------in its environment to survive. | oxygen |
| The following terms are associated with endospores EXCEPT: | vegetative growth |
| Gram-negative bacteria would stain ------ with the Gram stain and have ------- in the cell wall. | pink,lipopolysaccharide |
| Several classes of organisms would be classified into one ------. | phylum |
| What is term that describes the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal state? | Homeostasis |
| Which of the following is most likely to be used in a typical microbiology laboratory? | light microscope |
| Which of the following is a scientific or binomial name? | Bacillus subtilis |
| Algae belong to which Kingdom? | Protista |
| A prominent difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the | presence of a nucleus in eukaryotes |
| Which early microbiologist saved the life of a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog with the first rabies vaccine? | Louis Pasteur |
| Who used aseptic technique showing fewer deaths of women after childbirth when the physician washed his hands? | Ignaz Semmelweiz |
| A hypothesis can be defined as | a tentative scientific explanation that is subject to testing |
| What is the value of using a control in an experiment? | it serves as basis of comparison with the variables |
| The theory of spontaneous generation or abiogenesis was finally disproved by | Louis Pasteur |
| Which early scientist gave the name of "cells" to what he was seeing under the microscope when he looked at cork? | Robert Hooke |
Created by:
amaal123