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chapter 46 and 47
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is characteristic of a subcellular microorganism? | Noncellular structure in which the nucleic acid is surrounded by a protein coat |
| Which classification of microorganisms contains protozoans, fungi, and parasites? | Eukaryotic |
| A complication of a strep infection manifested by inflammation of the heart tissue is | rheumatic fever |
| he most common way to classify bacteria is according to their | shape |
| Which of the following are pairs of cocci | Diplococci |
| A solution of a dye or group of dyes that imparts a color to microorganisms is a | stain |
| The genus that causes tuberculosis and leprosy is | mycobacterium |
| Which of the following is an organism that lives on or in another organism and uses that other organism for its nourishment, or for some other advantage, to the detriment of the host organism? | Parasite |
| Which of the following is an agent that kills microorganisms or suppresses their growth | Antimicrobial |
| which of the following is included in specimen-collection guidelines? | Obtain the specimen at a time that allows optimal chance of recovery of the microorganism |
| Which of the following would you include in the preparation of a microbiologic specimen smear | Heat-fix the slide with the smear side up |
| A substance that can intensify or deepen the response of a specimen to a stain is called a(n | mordant |
| What information must be included on a laboratory request form? | Source of the microbiologic specimen |
| in a culture and sensitivity test, at what temperature is the inoculated agar plate incubated to show bacterial sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents | 98.6°F |
| Which of the following is the most common type of urine sample? | Random urine specimen |
| Which urine specimen is collected after a night's sleep and contains greater concentrations of substances? | First morning urine specimen |
| The type of urine specimen that may be submitted for culturing to identify the number and the types of pathogens present is the | clean-catch midstream urine specimen |
| Which type of urine specimen can be used to measure a patient's urinary output or analyze substances collected over a specified period of time | Timed urine specimen |
| Which urine specimen is used to complete a quantitative and qualitative analysis of one or more substances such as sodium, chloride, or calcium | 24-hour specimen |
| A urine specimen for culture can be obtained either through catheterization or by obtaining a | clean-catch midstream urine specimen |
| Which of the following would you include in teaching a female patient how to collect a clean-catch midstream urine specimen | Wipe down one side of the perineal area with the first towelette, down the other side with the second towelette, and down the middle with the third towelette |
| Which of the following would you include in patient instruction about collecting a 24-hour urine specimen | Instruct the patient to keep the specimen covered and in the refrigerator throughout the test |
| The procedure during which a sterile plastic tube is inserted to provide urinary drainage is | catheterization |
| Catheterization is performed for which of the following reasons | Relieve urinary retention |
| Residual urine is | urine remaining in the bladder after voiding |
| What amount of residual urine is considered abnormal? | 50 mL |
| Which type of catheter is used for drainage through a wound that leads to the bladder | Cystostomy |
| Which type of catheter is inserted after plastic repair of the ureter and must remain in place for at least a week after surgery | Splinting |
| When you instruct a patient about how to collect a 24-hour urine specimen, which patient should you ask about possible leakage when laughing or coughing | 60-year-old female patient |
| A pregnant patient's urine is checked for abnormal levels of protein during a prenatal visit to detect | preeclampsia |
| Which of the following may indicate polycystic kidney disease | Proteinuria |
| Abnormally high levels of glucose in the urine may indicate | diabetes mellitus |
| Chemical and microscopic changes that invalidate a urine specimen occur if the urine is kept at room temperature for more than | 1 hour |
| Which of the following is one of the first signs of liver disease | Bilirubinuria |
| Which of the following are nonpathologic causes for colorless or pale urin | Excessive intake of water, beer, and coffee |
| Which of the following refers to an insufficient production of urine | Oliguria |
| Which of the following measures the concentration of substances dissolved in urine | Specific gravity |
| A urine odor characterized as "fruity" is present in | uncontrolled diabetes |
| Which of the following is necessary when you are measuring specific gravity with a reagent strip | Check the expiration date on the reagent strip container |
| Intermediary products of fat and protein metabolism in the body are | ketone bodies |
| Which of the following is a measure of the degree of acidity or alkalinity of the urine? | Urinary pH |
| Hematuria is | blood in the urine |
| A rare condition caused by transfusion reactions, malaria, drug reactions, snakebites, or severe burns is ____. | hemoglobinuria |
| A genetically inherited disorder in which the body cannot properly metabolize the nutrient phenylalanine, resulting in mental retardation, is | phenylketonuria |
| The presence of which of the following in the urine suggests a bacterial infection in the urinary tract? | Nitrite |
| The best urine specimen to test for nitrates is a | first morning specimen |
| Which of the following are present in large amounts in the urine if inflammation is present | White blood cells |
| Which of the following is important in processing a urine specimen for microscopic examination of sediment? | After the centrifuge stops, discard most of the supernatant from the tube |
| The liquid portion from the tube of urine that is discarded down the drain after the centrifuge stops is called the | supernatant |
| Which of the following are frequently associated with vaginitis, urethritis, and prostatitis | Yeast cells |
| Which of the following is the most common urinary parasite | Trichomoniasis vaginalis |
| Which of the following conditions is suspected when a reagent urine strip for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) shows positive | Pregnancy |
| Which of the following is part of the medical assistant's responsibility in collecting and testing urine and stool samples | Wear adequate personal protective equipment |
| If the physician suspects a patient has a protozoal or parasitic infection, what type of specimen may she order? | O&P specimen |
| Wendy has provided a random urine sample and has returned to the examination room. You notice that the sample is a blue-green color. Which of the following questions would you ask Wendy to help rule out nonpathologic causes for the unusual color? | Did you have asparagus for lunch?" |
| Which of the following is not a reason people are able to avoid infection most of the time | The human body has a variety of defenses against infection. |
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