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Light and Heat
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| convex | A mirror that curves outward, like a spoon; causes objects to look smaller |
| radiation (from the spectrum) | when energy is transferred through an EM wave; all the different kinds can be found on the spectrum |
| EM spectrum | range of frequencies/wavelengths that an EM wave can have in order from lowest frequency to highest |
| violet | the color of light with the shortest wavelength (the most energy) |
| red | the color of light with the longest wavelength (the least energy) |
| infrared | has slightly longer wavelengths that red light; the amount of light it gives off depends on an objects temperature |
| ultraviolet | has slightly shorter wavelengths than violet light; this EM wave has frequencies too high therefore it can cause a sunburn |
| opaque | Objects that do not let any light pass through. They reflect or absorb the light, or both. |
| translucent | Objects look fuzzy because light cannot travel straight through |
| transparent | Objects can be seen clearly through a material |
| black | All 7 colors of light are absorbed and none reflect and bounce into our eyes. |
| white | All 7 colors reflect and bounce into our eyes. |
| absorption | When light transfers energy to matter or "takes in" the light energy. |
| scattering | Light is sent in many directions as it passes through a medium. Ex: dust or small particles |
| reflection | When light bounces off a surface Ex: mirror |
| refraction | When a wave changes direction as it goes through one type of medium into another Ex: prism |
| concave | A mirror that is curved inward like a bowl; causes an object to look bigger or magnified |
| expand | Increase in the volume (or size) of an object because of an increase in temperature |
| contract | Decrease in the volume (or size) of an object because of a decrease in temperature |
| visible light | the only part of the EM spectrum that we can see |
| radio waves | the slowest EM wave; we use for communication like radio, TV, and alarm systems |
| microwaves | the second slowest EM wave; we use it to heat food and in cell phones |
| x-rays | an EM wave with a very high frequency; the waves can pass through tissue in your body but is absorbed by bone |
| gamma rays | the EM wave with the highest frequency of them all; they are used for medical imaging like MRI and CT scans as well as to treat some diseases like cancer |
| conductor | a material that transfers energy well because it traps in air and stays hot. Ex: any kind of metal |
| insulator | a material that does not transfer energy well because it lets air flow through, doesn't stay hot. Ex: glass, wood, ceramic, wool, rubber, brick, plastic |
| Conduction | heat is transferred from one object to another when they are touching |
| Convection | heat is transferred from one object to another through a gas or liquid |
| Radiation (heat transfer) | heat is transferred from one object to another through an EM wave (like sunlight, fire, x-rays, colors) |
Created by:
wwmsScience6
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