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chemistry 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| VSEPR | based on an arrangement that minimizes the repulsion of shared and unshared pairs of electrons around the central atom |
| covalent bond | a chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons |
| physical properties | a characteristic of matter than can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition |
| triple bond | when three pairs of electrons are shared |
| double bond | when two pairs of electrons are shared |
| single bond | when one pair of electrons are shared |
| polarity | the unequal amount between bonds |
| anion | an ion that has a negative charge |
| cation | an ion that has a positive charge |
| ionic compound | compounds that contain ionic bonds |
| ions | an atom or bonded group of atoms with a positive or negative charge |
| intermolecular forces | the attraction that holds particles together in ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds |
| intramolecular forces | the forces that do not account for all attractions between particles |
| ionic bond | the electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound |
| covalent compound | the linkage between atoms or radicals of a chemical bond |
| binary compound | chemical substances made from just two chemical elements |
| diatomic molecules | a molecule composed of two atoms |
| superscript | the number used to represent the number of isotopes |
| subscript | indicates the number of the preceding element |
| covalent compounds | compounds that contain covalent bonds |
| polyatomic ions | an ion made up of two or more atoms bonded together that acts as a single unit with a net charge |
| transition metals | an element in groups 3-12 contained in the d-block |
| percent composition | the percent by mass f each element in a compound |
| mole | the SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance |
| avogadros number | 6.02*10^23 |
| hydrate | a compound that has a specific number of water molecules bonded to its atoms |
| empirical formula | the formula that shows the smallest whole-number mole ratio of the elements of a compound |
| representative particle | any kind of particle |
| molar mass | the mass in grams of one mole of any pure substance |
| percent composition | the percent by mass of each element in a compound |
| molecular formula | a formula that specifies the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a substance |
| physical change | a change which alters a substance without changing its composition |
| chemical change | a process that involves one or more substances changing into new substances |
| coefficient | the number that appears before the reactant in an equation |
| conservation of mass | the mass of an object or collection of objects never changes nor can they rearrange themselves |
| balanced reaction | the same number of products and reactants is the same on both sides |
| chemical reaction | the observation that the product has different properties than the reactants |
| synthesis | two or more substances react to yield a single product |
| decomposition | a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds |
| single replacements | the atoms of an element replace the atoms of another element |
| double replacement | the exchange of ions between two compounds and products either a precipitate, a gas, or water |
| aqueous solution | a solution in which the solvent is water |
| precipitate | a solid produced during a chemical reaction in a solution |
| combustion | a substance reacts with oxygen releasing energy in the form of heat or light |
Created by:
babygirl248
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