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Poety Packet
Poetic Devices and Figurative Language packet AP Lit Quiz Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Metaphor | A figure of speech which makes a direct comparison of two unlike objects by identification or substitution |
| Simile | A direct comparison of two unlike objects, using like or as |
| Conceit | An extended metaphor containing two unlike objects with powerful effect - verb,action |
| Personification | A figure of speech in which objects and animals have human qualities |
| Apostrophe | An address to a person or personified object not present |
| Metonymy | The substitution of a word which relatess to the object or person to be named in place of the name itself |
| Synedouche | A figure of speech in which a part represents the who object or idea |
| Hyperbole | Gross exaggeration for effect; overstatement |
| Verbal Irony | Meaning one thing and saying the other |
| Irony | The contrast between actual meaning and the suggestion of another meaning |
| Dramatic Irony | Two levels of meaning - what the speaker says and what he means, and what the speaker says and what the author means |
| Situational Irony | When the reality of the situation differs from the anticipated or intended effect; when something unexpected occurs |
| Symbolism | The use of one object to suggest another hidden object or idea |
| Imagery | The use of words to represent things, actions, or ideas by sensory description |
| Paradox | A statement which appears self-contradictory but underlies a basis of truth |
| Oxymoron | Contradictory terms brought together to express a paradox for strong effect |
| Allusion | Reference to an outside fact, event or other source |
| Tone | Author's attitude toward his audience and subject |
| Theme | The author's major idea or meaning |
| Dramatic Situation | The circumstances of the speaker: Who is the speaker+to whom are they speaking to+what are the circumstances=the interrelationship of answers=dramatic situation which is necessary to fully understand the poem |
| Lyric Poem | Most widely used 1. Limited in length 2. intensely subjective 3. personal expressions of emotion 4. expresses thoughts and feelings of a single speaker 5. Highly imaginative 6. Has a regular rhyme scheme |
| Aubade | A song written to praise the coming of dawn |
| Ballad | A simple poem, usually created for singing, dealing with a dramatic episode |
| Ballade | A French poem of 3 stanzas and an envoy, a 4-line refrain, recited to another person |
| Dirge | A poem or song for lament; usually a commemoration for the dead |
| Eclogue | A bucolic or pastoral poem |
| Epithalamion | A poem written in celebration of marriage |
| Hymn | A poem or religious emotion, usually written for singing |
| Monody | A poem similar to a dirge; a Greek poem of mourning sung by one person |
| Pastoral | Many forms of literature fit this category; its setting is a created world marked by constant summer and fecund nature |
| Rondeau | A French poem for light topics: it has 15 lines, with short refrains at lines 9 and 15 rhymed AABBA, AABC, AABBAC |
| Rondel | A poem very similar to a rondeau with 13 or 14 lines |
| Song | A poem for musical expression, usually brief, straight-forward, and emotional |
| Threnody | A poem similar to a dirge; in Greek poetry it mourns the dead and is sung by a chorus |
| Vers de societe | Light verse, written in a congenial, witty, amorous way |
| Narrative | Tells a story 1. Highly objective 2. Told by the speaker detached from the situation 3. The thoughts and feelings of the speaker do not enter the poem 4. Rhyme scheme is regular |
| Sonnet | Lyric of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, written about one important subject |
| Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet | 2 sections - an octave and a sestet. Rhyme scheme is usually ABBA ABBA CDECDE (or any variation of C D E) |
| English (Shakespearean) | 4 sections - 3 quatrains and a couplet. Rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG |
| Ode | An exalted, complex, rapturous lyric poem written about a dignified, lofty subject |
| Blank Verse | Unrhymed, but each line is basically iambic pentameter. Tone tends to be serious |
| Free Verse | Free from the limitations of fixed meter and rhyme, but this is not to say that it lacks poetic techniques. In free verse, the poet makes frequent use of such devices as image, symbol, internal rhyme, and figurative language |
| Dramatic Monologue | Poem told by one speaker about a significant event. Several qualities exist in the form: 1. The speaker reveals in his own words some dramatic situation in which he is involved 2. The speaker demonstrates his character through the poem |
| Dramatic Monologue (continued) | 3. Speaker addresses a listener who doesn't engage in dialogue but helps develop the speech |
| Elegy | During classical Greece, the elegy took on a specific form (couplets in metirc unison) to deal with the poet's attitude not only about death but also about life and love. Noe the term refers specifically to the poems that mourn death of an individual.. |
| Elegy (continued) | ..the absence of something deeply loved, or the transience of mankind. It has a solemn and dignified tone. |
| Villanelle | French verse poem with 19 lines which are divided into 5 tercets and 1 quatrain. Two rhymes or repeated lines dominate. With the rhyme scheme ABA ABA ABA ABA ABAA, line 1 is repeated exactly in 6, 12, and 18 while 3 is repeated exactly in 9, 15, 19 |
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keenawildman
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