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G484

TermDefinition
linear momentum the product of mass and velocity and appreciate the vector nature of momentum
Newtons Second Law of motion The net force acting on an object is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum of that object.
Impulse of force Area under a force against time graph (Force * time) Equal to the change in momentum
perfectly elastic collision and an inelastic collision Perfectly elastic - Momentum and kinetic energy conserved Inelastic - only momentum is connserved
the principle of conservation of momentum Within a closed system, the total momentum in any specific direction remains constant.
radian One radian is the angles subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of length equal to its radius of the circle.
gravitational field strength The gravitational field strength at a point is the gravitational force exerted per uni mass on a small object placed at that point.
Newton’s law of gravitation Any two point masses attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their separation.
geostationary orbit A satellite which remains at a fixed point above earth and orbits at the same rate as earth
internal energy The sum of the random distribution of kinetic and potential energies associated with the molecules of it's atoms or molocules
specific heat capacity The specific heat capacity of a substance is the energy required per unit mass of the substance to raise the temperature by 1 k (1 degree)
Boyle’s law; The pressure exerted by a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its volume, provided the temperature of the gas remains constant
Charles Law v directly proportion to T (V/T =k)
Pressure Law P directly proportional to T
Newtons First Law An object will remain at rest or keep travelling at constant velocity unless it is acted on by an external force.
Newtons Third Law When two bodies interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Kepler's third law The square of the period T of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the distance r from the sun T^2 -P to r^3
SHM, A= A=-W^2Acos(WT)
Omega= 2.pi.f
(SHM) x= Acos(WT)
(SHM) V= -WAsin(WT)
What is resonance? Resonance is the phenomenon that occurs when a physical system is periodically disturbed at the same period of one of its natural frequencies. Occurs when driving frequency = natural frequency
Circular motion v= a= 2.pi.r/T v^2/r
When will a object travel in a circular path? When there is a force perpendicular to the objects velocity
Uses of resonance Cooking - the water molocules forced to vibrate and they absorb energy of microwave radiation. The water gets hotter and the absorbed energy spreads through the food and heats it. Bridge
Random motion aka Brownian motion
Assumptions for ideal gases Collisions with other particles are perfectly elastic There are a very large number of particles involved the time of a collision is negligible compared to time between collisions
Assumptions for ideal gases The volume occupied by the particles is negligible compared to volume of container Particles are involved in random motion
The energy required to change a solid into a liquid at a constant temperature Latent heat of fusion
A liquid into a gas at constant temperature Latent heat of vaporisation
SHM Force/acceleration is proportional to displacement (from equilibrium position) (Resultant force) force/acceleration is (always) towards equilibrium position (WTTE, e.g. allow fixed point).
POWER Energy/time
For any system in resonance Its natural frequency is equal to frequency of driver Its amplitude is maximum It absorbs max energy
Why does circular motion no change in speed Resultant force (F) acts at 90o to motion Fcos90 =0
Potential and kinetic energy changes as tmeperature and state changes As temperature rise, KE increases, very small PE increase, at constant temp, no change in KE however large PE.
Created by: Ben Bailey
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